INSECTA 



119 



sects, according to Poulton. The apical portion of the fore- 

 wing and the hind portion of the posterior wing are especially 

 marked with borders or eye-like spots, and are often prolonged, 

 as in the swallow-tail butterfly, into antennse-like processes or 

 tails. These, resembling the head with eyes and antennae, 

 direct the stroke of the enemy to this part. The insect thus 

 escapes with the loss of the tip or a scrap of the wing, thus saving 

 its head or its soft body. 



Fig. 92. — a, Monarch hntteT&y (Ano'sia plexip'pus), distasteful to birds. 

 6, Viceroy (Basilar' chia archip'pus), whicli mimics it. (From Kcllogg's 

 •'Zoology," Henry Holt & Co., Publishers.) 



Mimicry. — The viceroy butterfly (Fig. 92, b) imitates, uncon- 

 sciously, of course, the common " monarch " or milkweed 

 butterfly, since the latter is seldom eaten by birds, owing to a 

 disagreeable taste or odor. Many bees are mimicked by flies, 

 and distasteful beetles by other beetles. 



Muscular System and Locomotion. — Locomotion may be in 

 any one or all of three ways — running, jumping, or flying. The 



