38 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 
Above Polovina Point extend steep cliffs with a narrow beach of shingle, along 
which harems are scattered in detached groups. Occasional breaks or runways in 
the cliff wall give access to the flat ground above, and at one or two points the harems 
overflow on the level. At the last break in the cliff is a large hauling ground. 
The cliff then closes in, and for a half mile leaves no room for the seals to lie. Again, 
as at the southern end, the cliff shades off in a gradual slope to the sand beach, which 
continues to the northward as far as Northeast Point. On this northern rocky slope 
of the cliff is situated the small but picturesque rookery of Little Polovina, in reality 
an overflow of the greater rookery. The Polovina rookeries have a population of 
about 20,000 seals of all classes. 
4. Lukanin (name of an early seal hunter).—From Stony Point to the southward is 
the great sand beach of Lukanin. Atits end rises the rocky slope of Lukanin Hill, 
along which the rookery of the same name lies. At the northern end is the hauling 
ground of the rookery. It is a favorite resort for the very young bachelors, a greater 
proportion being found here than on any other rookery. Part of the breeding ground 
lies at the foot of cliffs, which are easy of approach, and as the rookery is near to the 
village it has been made the subject of close study by numerous observers. 
5. Kitovi (of the whale).—This rookery is merely a continuation of Lukanin, from 
which it is separated by the purely arbitrary boundary of Lukanin Point. The 
rookery lies along bold rocks, basaltic columns, and slopes of cinder and lava. It 
is an ideal rookery ground, as the slight mortality of pups indicates, only about 109 
dead pups being found in 1896 in a total of 6,049. The hauling ground of this 
rookery is unimportant, probably because the bachelors haul out with those from 
Lukanin. The few which haul out at Kitovi proper are found at the southern end of 
the rookery, back of Kitovi Bay. Kitovi and Lukanin are in reality one great 
rookery. They represent a total population of about 25,000 seals. 
6. Reef (Russian, rifovoye).—At the southern end of St. Paul Island another long 
narrow neck of land juts out, known as Reef peninsula. On the southern shore of this 
peninsula is the great breeding ground known as Reef rookery. The harems lie along 
the irregular beach for a distance of nearly a mile. In the central portion the seals 
extend back in long, wedge-shaped masses for a considerable distance over the gentle 
slope strewn with large bowlders. 
In the rear of the central portion of this rookery is the great hauling ground, 
which lies in a hollow between two rocky ridges. Connecting this hauling ground with 
the sea are four runways, which divide the rookery into five large masses. In two of 
these runways occur ponds of water, which fill by the surf in the winter and become 
indescribably foul in summer, as the bachelors wallow through them. 
Reef rookery is one of the largest on the islands. It is separated from its fellow 
(Gorbatch) on the other side of the peninsula by a broad flat upland, known as the 
“parade ground.” This parade ground occupies the highest part of the peninsula. 
It extends back from the perpendicular cliffs at the westward end in a long easy slope 
to the eastward, where it falls to the water’s edge at the beginning of the rookery. 
This space was a favorite playground for the bachelors of the two rookeries in the 
palmy days, and the wandering bands of seals kept its surface bare. A few bachelors 
still haul across it, but for the most part it is to-day overgrown with grass and weeds. 
7. Sivutch (sea ion) Rock.—About a third of a mile off shore from Reef rookery 
is a small crescent-shaped rocky islet. Its southern side is an abrupt cliff, but to the 
