138 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 
others. In 1890 Mr. Elliott found that the herd on St. Paul had diminished to about 
one-fourth. A proportionate reduction for Spilki would have diminished it to less 
than a dozen families. 
To one who understands the gregarious nature of the fur seal there is no surprise 
excited by the abandonment of so small a rookery as this. The conclusion is inevi- 
table that when reduced to a mere handful of harems, the animals moved over to the 
larger Lagoon breeding ground across the cove. 
ORIGIN OF LAGOON AND SPILKI. 
We do not know which of these two rookeries was first established, but it is 
reasonable to suppose that the one originated as an overflow of the other, as both are 
limited in extent. As the rocky spit on which Lagoon rookery is established appears 
to be of recent formation, it may be that Spilki was the original breeding ground. But 
in any case the simple explanation of the abandonment of Spilki is found in its small 
size originally, the known fact of decrease in the herd, and the gregarious instinct of 
the animals. When the remnant became too small to exist as a unit, its individuals 
moved over to the Lagoon, to be with the crowd. 
THE ABANDONMENT OF MARUNICHEN. 
In further support of this, we may cite the only other example of absolute abandon- 
ment of breeding territory on the islands. On the north shore of St. Paul formerly 
existed a small rookery which has long since disappeared. Even the oldest inhabitant 
(Kerick Artimanof) merely remembers it was talked of in his childhood. His expla- 
nation that it was a small rookery and never looked upon as important gives the key 
to the situation. Its breeding seals abandoned their isolated position to be with the 
crowds on the shores of Northeast Point or Zapadni. Interference on the part of man 
can not be offered as a reason for its abandonment, for there is no more isolated and 
inaccessible place on the island. 
ELLIOTT’S THEORY FOR SIVUTCH ROOKERY. 
In his 1890 report Mr. Elliott explains the presence of a breeding rookery on 
Sivutch Rock by saying that the seals had been so harassed by the severe methods of 
driving employed on Reef rookery that they had sought on its surface a place where 
they might rest in peace. He says that prior to the beginning of the severe driving in 
1882 the seals had instinctively avoided this place because of its exposed position and 
the probable destruction of the young by the storms which sweep over it. In short, 
he assumes a few seals had chosen to waive the instinct of self-preservation and to 
locate themselves in a dangerous position simply because of temporary annoyance. 
We have already spoken of the strong instinct of the fur seal and its lack of 
reasoning powers. Such an explanation as this is wholly inconsistent with both. If 
the animal possessed any such powers of discrimination as here assumed, there would 
never be a second drive made from any hauling ground on the islands. 
SIVUTCH OVERLOOKED IN 1872-1874. 
We are inclined to believe that Mr. Elliott in 1872-1874 simply overlooked the 
presence of this rookery. He says nothing about it in his earlier report. In 1890 he 
