232 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 
resorting to the said sea, and the rights of the citizens and subjects of either country 
as regards the taking of fur seals in or habitually resorting to the said waters, should 
be submitted to a tribunal of arbitration to be composed of seven arbitrators, who 
should be appointed in the following manner, that is to say: Two should be named by 
the President of the United States; two should be named by Her Britannic Majesty; 
Tlis Excellency the President of the French Republic should be jointly requested by 
the high contracting parties to name one; His Majesty the King of Italy should be so 
requested to name one; His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway should be so 
requested to name one; the seven arbitrators to be so named should be jurists of 
distinguished reputation in their respective countries, and the selecting powers should 
be requested to choose, if possible, jurists who are acquainted with the English 
language; 
And whereas it was further agreed by Article II of the said treaty that the 
arbitrators should meet at Paris within twenty days after the delivery of the counter 
cases mentioned in Article IV, and should proceed impartially and carefully to 
examine and decide the questions which had been or should be laid before them as in 
the said treaty provided on the part of the Governments of the United States and of 
Her Britannic Majesty, respectively, and that all questions considered by the tribunal, 
including the final decision, should be determined by a majority of all the arbitrators; 
And whereas by Article VI of the said treaty it was further provided as follows: 
In deciding the matters submitted to the said arbitrators, it is agreed that the following five 
points shall be submitted to them in order that their award shall embrace a distinct decision upon 
each of said five points, to wit: 
1. What exclusive jurisdiction in the sea now known as Bering Sea, and what exclusive rights in 
the seal fisheries therein, did Russia assert and exercise prior and up to the time of the cession of 
Alaska to the United States? 
2. How far were these claims of jurisdiction as to the seal fisheries recognized and conceded by 
Great Britain? 
3. Was the body of water now known as Bering Sea included in the phrase Pacific Ocean, as used. 
in the treaty of 1825 between Great Britain and Russia; and what rights, if any, in Bering Sea were 
held and exclusively exercised by Russia after said treaty? 
4, Did not all the rights of Russia, as to jurisdiction and as to the seal fisheries in Bering Sea east 
of the water boundary, in the treaty between the United States and Russia of the 30th of March, 1867, 
pass unimpaired to the United States under that treaty? 
5. Has the United States any right, and if so, what right, of protection or property in the fur 
seals frequentins the islands of the United States in Bering Sea when such seals are found outside the 
ordinary 3-mile limit? 
And whereas by Article VII of the said treaty it was further agreed as follows: 
If the determination of the foregoing questions as to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United 
States shall leave the subject in such position that the concurrence of Great Britain is necessary to 
the establishment of regulations for the proper protection and preservation of the fur seal in, or 
habitually resorting to, Bering Sea, the arbitrators shall then determine what concurrent regulations, 
outside the jurisdiction limits of the respective Governments, are necessary, and over what waters 
such regulations should extend; 
The high contracting parties furthermore agree to cooperate in securing the adhesion of other 
powers to such regulations; 
And whereas by Article VIII of the said treaty, after reciting that the high 
contracting parties had found themselves unable to agree upon a reference which 
should include the question of the liability of each for the injuries alleged to have been 
sustained by the other, or by its citizens, in connection with the claims presented and 
