IV 
Killings—Continued. Page. 
on Commander Islands......--.------- 125 
operations of...---.-.------.-------- 118, 119 
percentage killed at.......-.---..----- 50 
rejected seals at...-..-.---.-----+----- 50 
summary of......-..------------ 207, 208, 209 
Killings, daily tables: 
1875 ccoceeceeest Swibe osisws veeaiiwe sated 197 
1880s occ .ccdeeeannceases teceeead £é4 eke 199 
1886 isevsccccicccsseles sees ee etheets ves 200 
A889) sccaiestui sods wasecscosueddeeeeesess 201 
1890 2 ccv.c Mutesins Sieececcmsetemeer des 202 
1891) ccisarccaceanccionsnonesetecceeme Sees 203 
199298 5s secizeea sense ees tee cetet os 204 
1894-95 cio cece sits acic ences evewlebece wus 205 
AS96907 seep ca vietaiececsecsesSceece cess 206 
Kitovi rookery....-...---.---------------- 38, 49 
average harem of......-.-...---------- 90 
taken as typical. .....--.---.-.-2-.---- 90 
Komandorski (Commander) herd..--.----- 44 
Kuril Islands, the.......-----..-.--------- 45 
Lack of knowledge in past......-.-------- 191 
Lagoon rookery ...--.-..----------+--+--++ 40 
apparent increase on ...--.--..-------- 111 
Land and sea killing: 
History: Of eves ce acicsieeesioe ese sees 29 
statistics of ...--.-.-..--.-----+----- 149, 231 
Land killing: 
confined to males...-.....----.-----.-- 116 
Cf 6Cb OF aac s caieectcves cs aizcds coe cease 119 
IN 1869 2s. sseskeseceseeaseas tee ek seen 27, 28 
suspension of....-.....-----.----+------ 147 
Law prohibiting American sealers......... 246 
Liebes, Isaac, note on stagy skins......-.-. 66 
Little East rookery...--..--.-----.---.---- 42 
Little Zapadni rookery:.-.-...-.---.-.-.---. 40 
Lobos Island seals......-.----------------- 226 
Lucas, F.A.........----- +--+. 18, 48, 109, 160, 165 
Lukanin rookery......---..----+-----2---- 38 
CONDMOL niiscia ceeis ceeee comes calc sere stale 51, 212 
Management: 
American ...... -.-. 0-2-2. eee eee eee ee 28 
RUSSiat secs enaie seseeseeenstavens close 25 
wasteful ......-.-.---.-.-----------. 123,124 
Macoun, James M._........------ 18, 109, 163, 168 
Males, killed with impunity .-........-.. 189, 248 
Martin, Walter L., deposition of ...-......- 245 
Marunichen......-..-..---- +2222. eeee eens 41 
abandonment of.......-.-.------------ 188 
Massed rookeries..-...-.-----.-------- +--+ 52 
Maynard, Lieutenant...........-..--..--.- 83 
McIntyre, H. H....-.-..---.-------.-----. 28, 144 
Middle: Hill... escvee aceon ceec nese ss 40, 103 
Migrations....-..-..---.----+-e-26----6 47 
period and limits of..-.--.-...2-2.---. 48 
Modus vivendi...........--.--.----- 143, 179, 227 
effect of .....---.-------. 222. eee eee eee 147 
text of...-.----. ee eee ee eee eee eee 227 
INDEX. 
Page. 
Morton, John M....-....--.-----------+--- 22 
Moser, Capt. Jefferson F ......-..-..------- 17 
Murray, Col. Joseph.....----.-------- 18, 170, 197 
estimate for 1895........---.-.-------- 87 
Naturalist, need of ...-...-----.- Ppiseeteicae - LOL 
Natural mortality.----....--- 70, 115, 157, 184, 185 
Need of continuous expert study ..--....-.- 193 
Nomenclature of the seals.........---.---- 46 
Nonbreeding seals: 
estimate of in past........---.-------- 89 
estimate for 1897 -....-......---------- 97, 98 
North American Commercial Company, lease 
Of sa ak ivsnakces sivctecseecweeweeeeeess 29, 238 
Northeast Point: 
killings at ......-.----.----- 2 ---- eee 207 
rookeries of .........----- Reis ee soieiSlaraia afer 37 
North Pacific, seals of ....-..---.---.------ 44 
North rookery.....-.---------------+------ 42, 49 
Noyes, Capt. W.L ...----.----------------- 74 
Old age, death from........-----.----.----- 157 
Old Johns Rock. .....--.---.------0--- ---- 108 
OLCA OfCE 2 ..22236.c2ee cnet seer seeb ee see UW 
Otter Island.......- sefejerecle elk Boers seed Ses 32, 56 
bachelors on ....-..-----.------++----- 39 
DaTeM OD vccecic vccce cee cess cesses tecces 39, 93 
Overdriving: 
has not occurred ..........-.---.-+----- 127 
Theory Of Sesser secse canccseceedeiieses's 126 
Overkilling: 
has not occurred ........-------------- 121 
impracticability of........---..-..--.. 121 
possibility of:. /jo2.2.cee ei gcciee seca gee 120 
Palata drive ..... ..-....-.- ere irelesie aces 131 
Parade ground of reef ....--....--.-------- 38 
Parasites of seals.........-..-------------- 70 
Paris QWaTd . ccec06 ce nececccesceccesectetee 231 
TOsultNOfe csi setoss eases eee ees 177 
Parrott & Co., expedition of........--.-.-. 26 
Patrol; Cost Of 2 .eccpseecies sates csi ean 182 
Pelage of fur'seals........----....2-..----- 65 
Pelagic fleet, value of.............22.---- 174, 226 
vessels sealing in award area .......-.. 225 
Pelagic catch: 
compared with land catch. ............ 148 
decline Of... s.cceccecccecee senane ves 148, 175 
from Commander herd ...-......---- 148, 151 
BRO WED Of ae acsisis civicid-s oteeie.awecescees 149 
relation to land catch ..-... 2.22.2... 152 
percentage of females in -....... 154, 155, 225 
statistics of ........222. 02 -ee ee eee eee 149 
summary of..............---..22...- 146, 222 
summary since 1894 .._.....2.2. 2.22... 175 
Pelagie s0aling ccc cate cccnce sce decicwson 142 
Asiatic waters .........22-0....2-20 147, 151 
a Checks oie oiseneaateceneeesouees uc 151 
a suicidal industry..................-. 1% 
