142 PUCCINIA 
This species was formerly undistinguished from the numerous forms 
on allied species of Composite, until Jacky proved experimentally (in 
1899) that it is confined to the sub-genus Carduus, and could not be 
transferred to Cnicus or Cirsium. The uredo form described above (after 
Sydow) is the secondary uredo ; the primary form, which does not always 
occur, is described as amphigenous and larger, often on the mid-ribs 
2—4 mm. long, and remaining long covered by the epidermis. 
DisTRiBuTION : Europe and Siberia. 
16. Puccinia Cardui-pycnocephali Syd. 
Puccinia Cardut-pycnocephali Sydow, Monogr. i. 34, f. 35. Massee, 
Journ. Bot. xlvi. 152; Trans. Brit. Myce. Soc. (1909), iii. 123. 
Uredospores. Sori hypophyllous, without spots, scattered, 
minute, pale-brown; spores globose or subglobose, very deli- 
cately echinulate, pale-brown, 22—26 p. 
Teleutospores. Sori similar, hidden in the tomentum of the 
host, brown; spores oblong, rounded above and more or less so 
below, not thickened, hardly constricted, smooth, pale-brown, 
38—50 x 16—23 ; epispore thin; pedicels thin, hyaline, up 
to 40 long, but deciduous. 
On leaves and stems of Carduus pycnocephalus. Very rare; 
Sidmouth (Dr Mayor), and between Eastbourne and Hastings 
(G. Massee). Only recorded for Britain and Italy. July, 
August. 
Distinguished from P. Carduorum by its longer teleutospores, which 
are smooth, and not plainly verruculose as in that species. But sometimes 
the spores are said to approach those of P. galatica Sydow, which occurs 
on the same host in Asia Minor, in being smaller, darker-coloured, thick- 
walled, and delicately punctate. According to Massee (i.c.) these are 
rather two poles of one species than two distinct species. 
17. Puccinia Cirsii Lasch. 
Trichobasis Cirsti Lasch ; Cooke, Micr. Fung. p. 224. 
Puccinia Cirsii Lasch, in Rab. Fung. Eur., no. 89. Cooke, Grevillea, 
iv. 109; Micr. Fung. p. 206. Sydow, Monogr. i. 55. Fischer, 
Ured. Schweiz, p. 217, f 168—171. 
Uredospores. Sori epiphyllous or hypophyllous, on paler 
spots, scattered, minute, girt by the epidermis, pulverulent, cin- 
namon ; spores globose to ovate, echinulate, pale chestnut-brown, 
