146 PUCCINIA 
these latter that new infections arise in the spring as soon as the shoots 
appear. The hibernation of the mycelium in the rhizome, which is stated 
by Plowright, has not been proved. 
The germ-pores are very easy to see in the uredospores of this species 
and its allies. Each is often surrounded by a border like a bordered pit, 
an appearance caused by a thickening of the membrane around and over 
the pit. As usual the appearance of the spore changes according as it is 
wet or dry ; if wet, it may appear merely punctate; if dry, it is seen to be 
densely and coarsely echinulate. 
DisTRIBUTION: Northern and Central Europe, Siberia, 
North America. 
20. Puccinia Andersoni B. et Br. 
Puceinia Andersoni B. et Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, xv. 35. Cooke, 
Micr. Fung. p. 206; Grevillea, iii, 179. Plowr. Ured. p. 204. 
Sace. Syll. vii. 710. Sydow, Monogr. i. 58. 
Teleutospores. Sori hypophyllous, seated on round yellow 
spots 1—14 cm. diam. with a brown 
C) border, almost concealed by the 
pubescence of the leaf, minute, but 
densely crowded in flat circular 
clusters which are few on each leaf, 
compact, blackish-brown or purplish- 
black; spores oblong to clavate, 
\ rounded or conically thickened (8— 
10%) above, slightly constricted, 
smooth, pale-brown, 40—54 x 16— 
22; pedicels brownish, stout, per- 
af ; sistent, as long as the spore or 
Be recall ie longer; a number of mesospores 
are found intermixed. 
On Cirsium heterophyllum. June—October. A striking 
and rare species. Glen Ogle (Rev. M. Anderson), Den of 
Airlie (Mr Gardiner), Ingleton and Grassington, Yorkshire 
(H. T. Soppitt), Alston, Cumberland (J. G. Baker). (Fig. 98.) 
DISTRIBUTION : in a few places in Europe. 
