156 PUCCINIA 
clavate, or oblong, thickened at the apex, brownish, 45— 
60 x 20—25 4; paraphyses numerous, reddish-brown, clavate 
and somewhat thickened at the apex.] 
On Sonchus arvensis, 8S. asper, S. oleraceus. Uredospores 
only seen, July—September. Rather rare. (Fig. 107.) 
In Sydows’ Monographia this species is said to be confined to the 
neighbourhood of the coast or nearly so. It has been recorded by Prof. 
Trail at Aberdeen, by Mr Johnston at Berwick-on-Tweed, by Mr D. A. Boyd 
from Ayrshire; also from Sutton, near Askern, and Mulgrave Woods in 
Yorkshire ; I have received specimens from Mr Hawkes collected near 
Birmingham, from Mr Phillips near Hull, from Mr T. B. Roe near 
Scarborough, and from Mr J. Adams at Howth, Co. Dublin, and Westport, 
Co. Mayo. 
It is a remarkable species, and worthy of close investigation. Though 
the uredo is sometimes confounded with Coleosporium Sonchi, it is readily 
distinguished by its brown paraphyses which form only a single row 
round the sori and are easily seen with a lens through the epidermis as a 
dark line surrounding the yellow spore-layer. It resembles at first sight 
an ecidium, and has been more than once described as such : but it opens 
by a pore the edges of which do not curl back. The so-called paraphyses 
are really the upper part of a delicate imperfect peridium, composed of 
hyaline pseudo-parenchyma (cells 5—10, diam.) ; at the top these cells 
become elongated, linear, parallel, at first colourless, then brownish and 
more or less clavate, and finally very dark brown, subopaque and irregular. 
This colour is retained for many years in the dried specimens, though the 
spores are bleached. The peridium resembles in some respects that which 
surrounds the uredo-sori of Melampsorella Caryophyllacearum. The spores 
themselves are at first sight like ecidiospores, with thick colourless walls, 
and yellowish contents, the sculpture resembling that of the zcidiospores 
of Endophyltium. Ultimately the wall becomes thinner and brownish; the 
spores are borne singly on pedicels, like ordinary uredospores. 
Tranzschel (Ann. Mycol. 1909, vii. 182) sowed the teleutospores on 
S. arvensis and obtained spermogones, followed by the uredospores. This 
species is widely different from a typical Puccinia. 
DisTRIBUTION: Western Europe, Algeria, Canaries, J apan. 
30. Puccinia Crepidis Schrit. 
Puccinia Crepidis Schrot. Pilze Schles. p. 319. Sace. Syll. vii. 607. 
Sydow, Monogr. i. 64. Fischer, Ured. Schweiz, p. 207, f. 163. 
[Spermogones. Scattered amongst the ecidia, nearly always 
present, in little clusters of 6—10, brownish. 
