168 PUCCINIA 
the fusiform shape, thin walls, and pale colour of the teleutospores, which 
often become totally devoid of thickening at the apex, by the dropping off 
of the pale thickening cap, on germination. P. punctata is additionally 
distinguished by the presence of the ecidium. 
Fischer explains the fact, that distortions more usually accompany 
P. Valantiae, by the consideration that infection takes place from the 
basidiospores mainly through the cuticle of young and still growing parts, 
while teleuto-sori of P. punctata and P. Celakovskyana are produced by 
infection from spores whose germ-tubes can penetrate the stomata of 
parts of the plant which are already fully developed. The relations 
between the three species are very like those which subsist between 
Oromyces Trifolit-repentis, U. Trifolii, and U. flectens. 
DisTRIBUTION: Europe, North America. 
40. Puccinia difformis K. et S. 
Puceinia difformis K. et S. Myk. Heft. i. 71 (1817). Cooke, Handb, 
p- 501; Micr. Fung. p. 208. 
P. Galit Plowr. Ured. p. 144 p.p. 
P. ambigua Lagh. in Sydow, Uredineen, no. 1056 (1897). Sace. Syll. 
xvi. 288. Sydow, Monogr. i. 216. 
4icidiospores. Aicidia hypophyllous, on yellow spots, soli- 
tary or irregularly disposed over the 
whole leaf, whitish-yellow, with torn 
reflexed margin; spores verruculose, 
orange, 13—25 p. 
Teleutospores. Sori hypophyllous 
or on the stems, small, elliptic, soli- 
tary or clustered, on the stems often 
elongated and confluent, long covered 
by the ash-coloured epidermis, then 
naked, firm, black ; spores ellipsoid to 
Fig. 118. P. difformis, clavate, much thickened above, hardly 
Teleutospores. constricted, tapering below, smooth, 
brown above, paler downwards, 35— 
55 x 15—25 4; pedicels brownish, persistent, as long as the 
spore or longer. 
On Galium Aparine. July—August. Surrey, Kent. (F ig. 
118.) 
