ON VIOLA 201 . 
Puccinia Violae DC. Flor. fr. vi. 62 (1815). Plowr. Ured. p. 152. 
Sydow, Monogr. i. 439. Sacc. Syll. vii. 609. Fischer, Ured. 
Schweiz, p. 139, f. 106. 
P. Violarum Link, Sp. Plant. ii. 80 (1824). Cooke, Handb. p. 504 ; 
Micr. Fung. p. 210; Grevillea, iii. pl. 49, f. 5, 10 a, 6. ; 
Spermogones. Crowded in little clusters, yellowish. 
4icidiospores. Aicidia on all the green parts of the host, 
on the leaves often forming swollen yellowish spots, generally 
in roundish, or irregularly expanded, groups, on the stem some- 
times scattered, flat, with a white irregularly torn revolute 
margin; spores delicately verruculose, orange, 16—24 x 10— 
18 py. 
Fig. 149. P. Violae. u, leaf of V. silvatica with xcidia; b, teleutospore, 
seen wet; c, the same, seen dry; d, a mesospore. 
Uredospores. Sori hypophyllous, scattered or circinate, 
minute, soon naked, pulverulent, cinnamon-brown; spores glo- 
bose to ellipsoid, echinulate, brownish, 20—26 x 17—28 yw, with 
two germ-pores. 
Teleutospores. Sori similar, but darker; spores ellipsoid to 
oblong, rounded at both ends or gently attenuated below, 
thickened and paler above, hardly constricted, faintly punctate, 
chestnut-brown, 20—40 x 15—23,; pedicels hyaline, deciduous, 
rather long; a few mesospores are found. 
On all green parts of Viola canina, V. hirta, V. odorata, 
V. Riviniana, V. silvestris. Very common. Aicidia, April— 
June; teleutospores, August—November. (Fig. 149.) 
The punctation of the teleutospores is very delicate, like little pin- 
pricks, and can only be seen when they are dry ; these spores are generally 
described as smooth and appear so except in the most favourable 
circumstances, The germ-pore of each of the cells is covered with a paler 
convex cap. The connection of all the spore-forms of this species was 
