210 PUCCINIA 
every year; infection by over-wintered uredospores has been proved by 
Tranzschel to be possible; but as Brooks shows (J. ¢.) it is probably rare, 
because the plum-leaves are generally not attected until summer is well 
advanced. Fresh infections of the Anemone can, of course, be produced 
by the basidiospores of the over-wintered teleutospores. 
The distinction usually made, by describing the uredospores as 
“ echinulate,” and the teleutospores as ‘“ verrucose,” does not convey the 
exact truth; the markings on both are very similar, but the warts of 
the uredospores are sharp-pointed and usually turned downwards, while 
those of the teleutospores are often blunted, and always darker and more 
crowded. 
The brothers Sydow describe a second form of uredospore, which I 
cannot find. The two cells of the teleutospore separate with the greatest 
readiness, and the lower cell which is very often paler and imperfect, 
could then be easily mistaken for a uredospore and has been so described 
and figured. The true uredospores, mentioned in the description, are very 
similar to amphispores, and have been mistaken at times for paraphyses. 
The teleutospores are attached by short fragile pedicels in bunches to 
a common basal cell. This is one of the characters of Arthur’s genus, 
Tranzschelia. 
Arthur describes (North Americ. Flora, p. 150) a second species of 
Tranzschelia (P. cohaesa Long, from Texas), agreeing in almost every 
minute detail with P. Pruni-spinosae, but having all its four spore-forms 
upon Anemone decapetala. In its teleutospores P. fusca (q.v.) agrees 
exactly with both of tHese, so that 7’. cohaesa may be regarded as a 
primitive form, from which both the others have been evolved. See 
Grove, New Phytologist, 1913, p. 89. 
Jacky (Centralbl. f. Bakter. 2. viii. 658) divides P. Pruni-spinosae into 
two forms : f. typica, in which the teleutospore has both cells alike, on the 
three species of Prunus mentioned ; and f. discolor, in which the teleuto- 
spore is thickened above, and the lower cell is paler, narrower and 
imperfect, on Amygdalus communis and P. Persica, less often on the other 
species. On P. Armeniaca both forms are found. This difference is by no 
means constant, however, and is hardly worthy of mention. 
DisTRIBUTION: Europe, North and South America, Africa 
and Australia. 
80. Puccinia Rhodiole B. et Br. 
Puceinia Rhodiolae B. et Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, v. 462. Cooke, 
Handb. p. 505 ; Mier. Fung. p. 211. Plowr. Ured. p. 207. Sacc. 
Syll. vii. 701. Sydow, Monogr. i. 491, f. 401. 
