ON JUNCACE 237 
spores ellipsoid to ovate, echinulate, pale-brown, 18—26 x ee 
22 4; epispore rather thick, with two germ-pores. 
Teleutospores. Sori similar, but compact, pulvinate, covered 
or surrounded by the cleft epidermis, blackish-brown ; spores 
Fig. 183. P. obscura. Teleutospores; two mesospores, one germinated in 
the sorus; and two uredospores; all on L. campestris, 
oblong, rounded, rarely truncate or conical above and thickened 
(5—9 ), gently constricted, usually attenuated below, smooth, 
brown, 30—48 x 14—20 #4; pedicels subhyaline, persistent, up. 
to 80 « long; mesospores frequently intermixed with the teleu- 
tospores. 
Aicidia on Bellis perennis, September—December; uredo- 
and teleutospores on Luzula campestris, L. silvatica. June— 
November. Not common, except locally. (Fig. 183.) 
Teleutospores are rarely produced, and I have seen them only on dead 
leaves ; the fungus can winter by its uredospores, and in such cases, of 
course, the «ecidium will not be formed. It is probably in consequence 
of this that the ecidia and the uredospores are frequently not found near 
one another ; there is a great difference in their mode of occurrence in 
different districts. The uredospores sometimes show a small smooth 
spineless area just below the germ-pores. Fischer records them in 
Switzerland on Luzula masima and L. pilosa in September, and Sydow 
includes all the species (except Z. arcuata) which grow in Britain. 
The hetercecism of this parasite was first demonstrated by Plowright ; 
the ecidia differ from nearly all others in being produced in late autumn 
and winter. According to him, the teleutospores, when they occur, are not 
formed till August and September, and germinate after a short resting 
period ; thus the succeeding phase arises on the Daisy usually about 
October. I have found that the spermogones (which are not mentioned by 
