COLEOSPORIUM 319 
is indigenous to North America, This-family retains probably, 
in the mode of germination of its teleutospore, a very primitive 
character, but has nevertheless undergone a large amount of 
recent evolution, and is no doubt worthy of subdivision. 
There is a North American species, belonging to the 
Coleosporiaceee, which is deserving of great attention. It is 
Gallowaya Pini Arthur (formerly Coleosportum Pint Galloway), 
which has teleutospores only, and on leaves of Pinus inops, 
i.e. on trees of the same order on which Coleosportwm has its 
ecidia. Similarly, among the Melampsoracez, there is a like 
case in Necwum Farlow Arthur, which has its teleutospores on 
Abies canadensis, while various hetercecious Melampsoracer, 
with similar teleutospores on other (non-coniferous) plants, 
have their ecidia on Conifers. Again in the Cronartiacez, 
Chrysomyxa Ledi and C. Rhododendri are hetercecious species 
having their ecidia on Picea excels; but there is also 
C. Abietis having its teleutospores on the same host (P. excelsa) 
and no other spore form. Gymmnosporangiwm bermudianum, 
already mentioned (p. 304), furnishes a somewhat similar 
instance. The evolutionary significance of these facts has: not 
yet been elucidated. 
COLEOSPORIUM Lévy. 
fcidia with a more or less cylindrical inflated peridium, 
which opens by a cleft and becomes irregularly torn; ecidiospores 
with colourless membrane, without germ-pores, superficially. 
tuberculate, the tubercles somewhat deciduous. Uredospores 
not enclosed in a peridium, abstricted in short chains, resembling 
the xcidiospores. Teleutospores in flat, waxy, indehiscent sori, 
with a colourless gelatinous membrane, which is thin and wavy 
at the sides but strongly thickened above, at first filled with 
a rich orange-red oily mass; at length each spore divides into 
four superimposed cells, which in autumn can germinate in 
situ as soon as mature, with a long sterigma. 
The species of Coleosporiwm are morphologically very much 
alike, and are distinguished chiefly by their hosts. Moreover, 
