360 MELAMPSORELLA 
biologically distinct. The ecidium stage of this parasite is very rare 
everywhere, and seems not to be recorded in Britain, except by Plowright 
at King’s Lynn; the other stages are exceedingly common all over the 
country, but do little damage. The teleutospores germinate after a 
winter’s rest, but since it is supposed they cannot infect the Birch and 
the ecidium-stage appears to be so rare, it is doubtful by what means the 
fungus propagates itself from year to year. Liro states that in Northern 
Europe the ecidium on the Larch does not occur, though the fungus is 
very common in the uredo-stage, especially on Birch seedlings ; but as he 
also says that the uredospores do not survive the winter there, the question 
of its perennation is left in a very unsatisfactory state. 
On the Hornbeam (Carpinus Betulus) there is in Europe an allied 
species (Melampsoridium Carpint) to which an ecidium has not yet been 
discovered. 
DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Asia, North America. 
MELAMPSORELLA Schroter. 
Hetercecious. 
Teleutospores in the epidermal cells, with a thin, colourless 
membrane, usually one-celled, germinating at once on maturity. 
Uredo-sori furnished with a peridium, and without any para- 
physes amidst the spores; uredospores yellow, sessile, produced 
in short chains or singly, without evident germ-pores. icidia 
with a peridium. Uredo-sori and ecidia subepidermal : sper- 
mogones subcuticular, without ostiolar filaments. 
This genus bears a certain resemblance to Milesina. but is 
distinguished from it by the absence of vertical septa in the 
teleutospores, as well as by its habitat on Phanerogams. 
1. Melampsorella Caryophyllacearum Schrot. 
Beidium elatinum A. et 8. Consp. p. 121. Plowr. Ured. p. 270. 
Peridermium elatinum Link; Cooke, Handb. p. 535; Micr. Fung. 
p. 194. 
Uredo Caryophyllacearum Johnst.; Cooke, Handb. p. 526; Mier. 
Fung. p. 216. 5 
Melampsorella Curyophyllacearum Schrét. in Hedwig. 1874, xiii. 85. 
Klebahn, Wirtswechs. Rostp. p. 396. Fischer, Ured. Schweiz, 
p. 516, f. 522—6, 
