364 PUCCINIASTRUM 
woods where Abies and Symphytum both grow together. This was the 
experience of Bubdk (see Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell. 1903, xxi. 356). The 
teleutospores appear to arise (or at least to mature) about May on a 
perennial mycelium from the previous year, and are capable of immediate 
germination: their basidiospores infect the young Fir-needles, but the 
mycelium thus produced is not perennial and causes no witches’-brooms, 
The ecidiospores are distinguished from those of the other species which 
grow upon the same host by their much larger size. The whole of the 
foregoing particulars (except as regards the uredospores) are due to Bubak 
and Fischer ; the former found his uredospores chiefly upon Symphytum 
tuberosum. 
It will be useful to tabulate here by what characters the various excidia 
on Abies pectinata can be discriminated : that belonging to 
Melampsorella Caryophyllacearum causes witches’-brooms. 
Melampsorella Symphyti has large spores 20—40 x 18—29 p. 
Puceiniastrum pustulatum has a smooth line down the spore. 
Calyptospora Goeppertiana has spores 21—30 x 14—18 p. 
DISTRIBUTION : Europe. 
PUCCINIASTRUM Otth. 
Hetercecious or eecidia unknown. 
Teleutospores extracellular, in a single layer, subepidermal, 
with a brownish membrane, divided by vertical septa into 
2—4 cells. Uredo-sori surrounded by a delicate hemispherical 
peridium, opening at the summit with a pore; uredospores 
yellow in mass, with indistinct or no germ-pores. 
Aicidia with a thin cylindrical peridium (so far as known) ; 
eecidiospores verrucose except on one side which is thinner and 
smooth (?always), not provided with germ-pores. 
1. Pucciniastrum Agrimoniz Tranzschel. 
Uredo Potentillarum var. Agrimoniae DC. Flor. fr. vi. 81. 
U. Agrimoniae Plowr. Ured. p. 255. Sace. Syll. vii. 839. 
Coleosporium ochraceum Fekl. ; Cooke, Micr. Fung. p. 218. 
Puceiniastrum Agrimoniae Tranz. Script. Bot. Hort. Petrop. iv. 301. 
Fischer, Ured. Schweiz, p. 465. Arthur, N. Amer, Fl. vii. 106. 
Uredospores. Sori chiefly hypophyllous, pulvinate, small, 
confluent, sometimes spread over the whole leaf, covered by the. 
epidermis and surrounded by a thin peridium which opens at 
the summit with a pore, orange-yellow, fading to ochraceous; 
