100 VASOCONSTRICTORS 



when administered per os, aiid little if any action unless given intra- 

 venously, yet clinical experience points to a fairly good absorption 

 from the subcutaneous tissues. The effects of intravenous doses 

 vary with the dose. The results of increasing doses according to 

 Sollmann are : 



1. Else of blood pressure. 



2. Inhibition of the bladder, mydriasis. 



3. Constriction of the uterus, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles, 

 salivation, lachrimation, inhibition of the gall bladder, increased 

 bile secretion, stimulation or depression of the internal anal sphinc- 

 ter. 



4. Contraction of the erectores pilorum. 



.5. Uncertain action upon the tunica dartos and sweat. 



Therapeutics. 1. Circulatory stimulant. Since the character- 

 istic action of the drug is produced only after intravenous administra- 

 tion, and even then its effects are very transient, it is not used to a 

 large extent as a circulatory stimulant in veterinary medicine. It 

 may be very useful in collapse and shock during anesthesia because in 

 this condition there is usually a good heart muscle but marked vaso- 

 dilation. For the best results, it should be given slowly as an infu- 

 sion as mentioned under circulatory stimiilants. 



2. Vasoconstrictor. As a local vasoconstrictor its use is limited to 

 the relief of congestion of mucous membranes and the control of 

 hemorrhage in operations. It is frequently used in combination with 

 some local anesthetic, in which case it not only prevents hemorrhage 

 and makes the operation bloodless but also retards the absorption of 

 the anesthetic and thus prolongs the anesthesia. It is said to be 

 worthless in distant hemorrhages but clinical experience points in the 

 other direction. 



3. Azoturia. Adrenaline was at one time very highly recom- 

 mended in the treatment of azoturia. It was used in dram doses 

 subcutaneously in treating this disease. 



4. Laminitis. Adrenaline is recommended by several prac- 

 titioners in the treatment of founder. The drug is to be injected 

 subciitaneously in the region of the plantar nerves of the affected 

 limbs. 



PITUITARY BODY. HYPOPHYSIS SICCA 



Liquor Hypophysis. This is a solution of the water soluble 

 principle or principles obtained from the fresh posterior lobe of the 

 pituitary body of cattle. One company markets the preparation 

 under the trade name " Pituitrin," although as yet no active prin- 

 ciple has been isolated. 



Doses. Horses and Cattle. 3ij — ijss; 8.0 — 10.0. Dogs. TTl,viij 

 — xvj ; 0.5 — 1.0. 



Action. The most prominent feature of the action of this drug 



