GLYCERYL TRINITRATE — NITROGLYCERIN 105 



be administered per rectum or by hypodermoclysis in case of col- 

 lapse after hemorrhage^ when it is desired to promote kidney activity. 

 The absorption from the rectimi is especially rapid following 

 hemorrhage and considerable may be given by enema without expul- 

 sion. Under ordinary conditions hot saline solutions by rectum 

 regularly show a prompt effect upon the kidneys. Considerable 

 amounts may be absorbed within a short time from hypodermoclysis 

 over the abdomen, in the axillary region and places where the skin is 

 loose. 



Contraindications. Any kind of edema. 



Toxicology. Chills have been reported following saline infu- 

 sions in human. Concentrated salt solutions are very dangerous. 



4. VASO DILATORS 



The most important members of this group are the nitrites of 

 amyl, ethyl and sodium, and the organic nitrites which liberate 

 nitrites in the blood, nitroglycerin, erythrol, tetranitrite and manitol. 

 The alkaline nitrates have no effect upon the blood pressure, but 

 potassium nitrate forms nitrite when burned, although it does not do 

 so in the body. 



AMYLIS NITRIS — AMYL NITRITE 



Dose. Horse and Cattle. TTLx — ^Ix; 0.6 — 4. Dog. TTLj — 

 v; 0.065— .325. 



This is an unstable volatile liquid with banana-like etherial odor. 

 It decomposes slowly when exposed to the air. On account of its 

 characteristics it is marketed in amber glass ampules, each con- 

 taining two, three, four or five minims. The drug is administered 

 by inhalation. An ampule is broken in a handkerchief or piece of 

 gauze when desired for use. 



SODII NITRIS — SODIUM NITRITE 



Dose. H. gr. X — Ix; 0.6 — i. D. gr. ss — ^v; 0.03 — 0.3. 



This is a non-volatile, non-explosive, deliquescent salt which is 

 freely soluble in water. On account of its affinity for oxygen, it 

 gradually oxidizes to nitrate in the presence of air and loses its effi- 

 ciency, so that it is uncertain in action. 



GLYCERYL TRINITRATE — NITROGLYCERIN 



Synonyms. Trinitrin or Glonoin 



This is the volatile highly explosive liquid used in the manufac- 

 ture of dynamite, but it is decomposed and rendered non-explosive 

 by strong alkalies. 



