CINCHONA AND QUININE 115 



2. For Oxyures or Pin Worms. A 1/2000 to 1/500 of the bisixl- 

 phate or a 0.5 per cent, solution of quinine and urea hydrochloride 

 have been used with some success as a rectal injection for these 

 parasites. 



3. Antiseptic for Diseases of the Eye. A 1 to 2 per cent, solu- 

 tion of quinine sulphate is serviceable for suppurating conjunctivitis, 

 keratitis and ulcer of the cornea. 



Internally. 



1. Bitter. One of the preparations of the crude drug is generally 

 superior to the alkaloids as a bitter. The compound tincture is often 

 preferred. Bastedo does not class quinine or cinchona as a true 

 tonic since it has a tendency to retard absorption, inhibits proteolytic 

 enzymes, irritates the stomach and does not have any good effect 

 upon muscle. 



2. Antipyretic. Quinine is inferior to acetanilid and the newer 

 antipyretics as a febrifuge against high and continued fevers. Ac- 

 cording to Frohner, it does not have a pronounced action upon the 

 typical infectious diseases like influenza and brustseuche (contagious 

 pleuro pneumonia) of horses and distemper of dogs. He says that 

 he has given 100 grams in two days to a horse with influenza with 

 no results. But he believes it somewhat better for fevers caused by 

 infection like septicemia and pyemia, although in the light of present 

 day knowledge it would seem to be liable to do more harm than good 

 by checking phagocytosis and depressing vitality. 



3. Antimalarial. Although quinine has a specific action for the 

 malaria parasite of man, it has not proved of much service in mala- 

 rial-like conditions of animals (horse and cattle malaria of Italy), 

 nor in Texas fever and trypanasomiasis. 



4. Analgesic and Antipyretic in Colds. According to some au- 

 thorities, quinine may be abortifacient if administered in full doses 

 at the onset of inflammations of the respiratory tract and in colds 

 but later in the disease it is without benefit until the convalescent 

 stage is reached when it may serve as a bitter. 



5. Pneumonia. Solis-Cohen in human practice used 15 grains 

 of quinine and urea hydrochloride hypodermically every 2 to 3 hours 

 for 3 or 4 doses and claims that fever disappears by lysis instead of 

 crisis, but this has not been confirmed by practitioners of veterinary 

 medicine. 



COAL TAR OR ANALGESIC GROUP OF ANTIPYRETICS 



This group comprises : 



Acetanilid Exalgin 



Phenacetin Lactophenin 



Antipyrine Salipyrine 



