118 ANTIPYRETICS 



suiting moncethyl compound. It occurs as fine crystalline scales, 

 odorless and of a bitter taste. It is freely soluble in water, alcohol 

 and chloroform. 



Doses. H. oij— vj ; 8—24. D. grs. iv— Ix ; 0.25 — L 



ACETPHENETIDINUM 



Synonym. Plienacetin 



For some years this preparation was proprietary as phenacetin 

 but in the 8th revision of the Pharmacopceia it was made oflicial under 

 the above name. It is obtained by the action of paraphenetidin, 

 a coal tar derivative, upon glacial acetic acid, in which an atom of 

 hydrogen in the paraphenetidin is replaced with the acetic acid 

 radicle, acetyl. It occiirs in colorless, odorless, tasteless scales, soluble 

 in 12 parts of alcohol, in 925 parts of water and in glycerin. 



Doses. H. Too expensive for large animals. D. gr. ij — 

 XXX ; .13—2. 



In the main these drugs act similarly to acetanilid. Acetanilid 

 is probably the most depressant to the heart and therefore most liable 

 to cause collapse and phenacetin the least. Phenacetin is probably 

 the least toxic. Antipyrine is a better hemostatic than acetanilid or 

 phenacetin. Both of the above drugs are much more expensive than 

 acetanilid and therefore of little use in veterinary medicine since 

 acetanilid is relatively safe for the lower animals, and consequently 

 the newer preparations have little advantage over it. 



Therapeutics. In general these drugs are used for the same 

 conditions as mentioned under acetanilid. Antipyrine, in addition, 

 has a weak cocaine-like action in 25 per cent, solution when applied 

 to mucous membranes, causing a vaso-constriction with shrinkage of 

 the tissues and thus checking small hemorrhages and lessening pain. 



SALIPYRINA — SALIPYRINE 



This is a combination of antipyrine and salicylic acid and is 

 therefore valuable as an antirheumatic and antipyretic. It may be 

 substituted for either of its constituents or for a combination of the 

 two. 



OTHER MEMBERS OF THE GROUP 



Exalgine resembles acetanilid except in its greater insolubility 

 in water and may be given in the same quantity. Chemically it is 

 methyl-acetanilid. It occurs as white crystals, soluble in alcohol, 

 sparingly soluble in water. It has an acetanilid-like action as an 

 analgesic but is not to be used as an antipyretic according to Plare. 



Phenalgin (phenolated acetanilid). A white powder of slight 



