OPIUM — MORPHINE 137 



has been cultivated in many other lands. The only opium meeting 

 the U. S. P. requirements is that from Asia Minor, and known as 

 Turkish or Smyrna opium. 



Constituents. Opium contains some eighteen or nineteen alka- 

 loids together with meconic acid and meconin, a neutral principle. 

 The most important alkaloids in order are: morphine, codeine, 

 heroin (diacetyl morphine), dionin, thebaine, papaverine, narcotine, 

 and naroine. Morphine is the most important and with few excep- 

 tions represents the action of the crude drug. 



Preparations and Doses. 



Tinctura Opii (Laudanum), 10 per cent, opium, 1 per cent, 

 morphine. H. gss — ij ; 15. — 60. D. ni iij — xx; 0.2 — 

 1.3. 



Tinctura Opii Camphorata. Paregoric (Camphorated tinc- 

 ture of opium). 4 grams of powdered opium to 1000 

 mils. Used for dogs only. D. 3ss — iv; 4. — 15. 



*Tinctura Opii Deodorata, 10 per cent, of opium. Dose same 

 as for tincture. 



Extractum Opii (20 per cent, morphine). H. 3ss — ^j ; 2. — 4. 

 D. gr. 1/3— y2; 0.2—0.1. 



Opium (crude drug) 9.5 per cent, morphine. H. 3j — ij ; 4. 

 —8. D. gr. %— iij ; 0.03—0.2. 



Powdered Opium (12 — 12.5 per cent, morphine). One- 

 third less than of crude drug. 



Deodorized Opium. Same strength as the powdered drug, but 

 with narcotine and certain disagreeable odorous principles 

 removed by benzine. Doses. Same as for powdered 

 drug. 



Pulvis Ipecacuanhce et Opii. Dover's powder, 10 per cent, 

 of powdered opium and ipecac and 80 per cent, of sugar 

 of milk. H. §ss— j; 15.— 30. D. grs. iij— xv; 0.2—1. 



^Tincture of Ipecac and Opium, 10 per cent, of each. Dose. 

 Same as for Dover's powder. 



*Lead and Opium wash (Lotio Plumbi et Opii N. F.) is 

 made by adding 35 mils of tincture of opium to 17.5 gms. 

 of lead acetate dissolved in 650 mils of water and then 

 adding enough water to make 1000 mils. 



Preparations of the alkaloids : 



MORPHINA — MORPHINE 



This may be purchased in several salts. Morphine and mor- 

 phine acetate are not readily soluble in water, the hydrochloride is 

 soluble in 17.5 parts of water and 52 parts of alcohol; and the sul- 

 phate in 15.5 of water and 240 parts of alcohol. 

 1 UnoflScial. 



