284 VOLATILE OILS 



in the lungs to arrest the growth of organisms, but this ideal has not 

 been realized. 



The slight amount excreted by the skin acts as a mild irritant 

 producing slight diaphoresis. From the kidneys they are excreted 

 either combined with glycuronic acid or uncombined. They cause 

 here, as elsewhere, a mild antiseptic and irritant action, the latter 

 producing a diuresis. This antiseptic and diuretic action is par- 

 ticularly marked with the oils of cubebs, turpentine and copaiba 

 but may be observed after almost any of them. 



Many volatile oils give a peculiar odor to the urine; turpentine 

 and eucalyptus, a peculiar violet-like odor which may be due to 

 some small percentage of an oxidation product as most of the oil is 

 excreted unchanged. 



Different oils are used for different purposes in therapeutics, al- 

 though they all resemble each other in certain respects, and it is 

 therefore convenient to divide them into several therapeutic groups. 



1. Volatile Oils Used for Flavors and Carminatives. 



Although many volatile oils are used for iiavors in human medi- 

 cine, the choice is largely left to the physician and one will use one 

 oil and another one, another oil. In veterinary medicine they are 

 of little use as flavors because animals as a rule do not care for 

 them. This group of the oils if used at all internally are usually 

 administered for their carminative action. The principal members 

 are: 



Oleum Amygdalae Amarse Oil of bitter almonds 



Oleum Anisi Oil of anise 



Oleum Aurantii Corticis Oil of orange peel 



Oleum Betulse Volatile Oil of sweet birch 

 Oleum Carui , Oil of caraway 



Oleum Caryopbylli Oil of cloves 



Oleum Cinnamomi Oil of cinnamon 



Oleum Coriandri Oil of coriander 



Oleum Eucalyptoli Oil of eucalyptus 



Oleum Foeniculi Oil of fennel 



Oleum Gaultherise Oil of wintergreen 



■Oleum Lavandulae Florum Oil of lavender 



Oleum Limonis Corticis Oil of lemon 



Oleum Menthse Piperitse Oil of peppermint 



Oleum Mentbse Viridis Oil of spearmint 



Oleum Myristicse Oil of nutmegs 



Oleum Pimentse Oil of allspice 



Oleum Eosse Oil of rose 



Oleum Kosmarini Oil of rosemary 



Oleum Sassafras Oil of sassafras 



Oleum Thymi Oil of thyme 



Oleoresin Zingiberis Oleoresin of ginger 



2. Malodorous Volatile Oils. 



Some of the volatile oils differ from the others in possessing an 



