866 ACIDS 



THE GROUP IN DETAIL 



ACIDUM HYDROCHLORICUM — HYDROCHLORIC ACID 



Synonyms. Muriatic Acid, Spirit of Salt 



This is an aqueous solution containing not less than 31 nor more 

 than 33 per cent, of hydrochloric acid. It is prepared by heat- 

 ing sodium chloride and sulphuric acid, and dissolving the gaseous 

 hydrochloric acid thus obtained in water. It occurs as a colorless, 

 fuming liquid, having a pungent odor and strong acid taste. It 

 fumes when exposed to ammonia vapor or the air due to the forma- 

 tion of ammonium chloride. The fumes and odor disappear on dilut- 

 ing with two volumes of water. The ordinary commercial variety 

 (strength 30-33 per cent.) has a golden yellow color due to the 

 presence of iron and free chlorine. It also frequently contains 

 arsenic and is therefore unsuitable for medical purposes. 



Preparation. Acidum HydrocMoricum Dilutum — Diluted hy- 

 drochloric acid. 9.5 — 10.5 per cent. 



Doses. H. 3 j — ij ; 4. — 8. D. Til x — xxx; 0.6 — 2. 



ACIDUM NITRICUM — NITRIC ACID 



ISTitric acid U. S. P. contains not less than 67 per cent, nor more 

 than 69 per cent, of absolute nitric acid. It occurs as a colorless 

 liquid but assumes a yellow color and emits fumes of hyponitrous 

 acid upon exposurfe to air. It stains organic matter yellow. 



Preparation. 



* Acidum Nitricum Dilutum. Diluted Nitric Acid. An aque- 

 ous solution containing not less than 9.5 per cent, nor more than 

 10.5 per cent, of absolute Nitric acid. 



Doses. H. 3 j — iv; 4. — 15. D. Til ii] — xv; 0.18 — 1. 



ACIDUM NITROHYDROCHLORICUM — NITROHYDRO- 

 CHLORIC ACID 



Synonyms. Nitromuriatic Acid, Aqua Eegia 



This is prepared by mixing 18 mils of nitric acid with 82 mils of 

 hydrochloric acid in an open vessel and allowing the mixture to ef- 

 fervesce. 



Preparation. 



Acidum Niirohydrochhricum Dilutum. Diluted nitrohydro- 

 chloric acid is prepared by mixing 10 mils of nitric acid, 45.5 mils 

 of hydrochloric acid and 194.5 mils of distilled water. 



Doses. H. 3 i— ij ; 4 — 8. D. TTt iij— xv; 0.18—1. 



* Unofficial. 



