192 YEEDING STUFFS 
will find it more profitable to market this material and purchase 
other feeds for poultry purposes. Sprouted rye is very palatable, 
and birds do well on it. The main by-products of rye are rye bran 
and distiller’s grains, but, owing to limited supply, they are very 
seldom used. 
Rice.—The use of rice as a poultry feed in this country is 
quite limited. It seems to be inferior to wheat as to digestibility 
and palatability, and for this reason is not generally recommended 
for poultry feeding. 
The rice grain is not generally used even in the South. Good 
commercial chick rations often contain broken rice. 
Oil meal is a by-product of the manufacturing of linseed oil 
from flaxseed. Old-process oil meal in which the oil has been 
extracted by pressure contains greater amounts of food materials 
than is the case with new-process oil meal in which the oil has been 
extracted by the use of naphtha. There is probably no more 
helpful feed for poultry than oil meal when given in small quantities. 
It is especially recommended that a small amount of oil meal be 
fed the laying hens during the moulting season, as it hastens the 
growth of feathers and gives them a sleek, finished appearance. 
Cottonseed meal is a by-product. from the manufacturing of 
cottonseed oil from cotton seed. For poultry feeding the prepara- 
tion has not had extended use, owing to the belief that it is too 
concentrated and contains certain toxic properties. 
Miscellaneous Grains.—In addition to the previously-men- 
tioned grains which are suitable for poultry feeding, the following 
are sometimes available at nominal prices, and can be used econom- 
ically according to their composition: 
Sorghum seeds can be used to advantage in the grain rations, 
likewise kaffir corn and broom corn seeds. If used in reasonable 
quantities, these grains will replace corn in the rations, as they are 
essentially carbohydrate carriers. 
Millet is used for young chicks, but, owing to an extremely 
hard shell, it is doubtful if it is a wise practice. 
Sunflower seeds are recommended by many authorities as a 
desirable ingredient in the grain rations. They carry a high vege- 
table oil content, and hence are economically used during the 
moulting season, as they have the same effect on the plumage 
that was apparent with oil meal. The Canadian field pea, the 
cow pea, and the Soy bean are three nitrogenous plants which 
can be economically grown on poultry farms both to supply suc- 
