370 CARE OF THE GROWING STOCK 
on the range where crowding is detrimental and results in stunted 
birds and slow growth. When the chicks come from the brooder, 
any weak ones, whether due to faulty environment or to lack of 
inherited vitality, should be disposed of as broilers. The remainder 
should be provided with ideal environmental conditions. 
il PEO EEae 
ie , as 
noto by courtesy of A. G. Pnilips, Perdue University. : 
Fie. 171.—Rearing chicks under intensive conditions on openrange. A, Cornis useful 
to provide shade while the trees are small. B, An orchard of large trees supplies plenty of 
shade. The birds check the ravages of insects. 
The maintenance of their vigor is essentially within the control 
of the poultryman. 
Environmental conditions can be conveniently grouped for dis- 
cussion under five heads: (1) Free range; (2) green feed; (3) 
shade; (4) housing; (5) management. 
Free Range.——The best growth and the most vigorous chicks 
can only be realized by giving the growing birds an abundance of 
free range (Figs. 170 and 171). Overcrowding, both as to area of 
