EXHIBITION OF STANDARD-BRED POULTRY 479 
to the standard as nearly as possible. In making a selection the 
following rules will usually hold good: 
Study the parts of the head particularly, as they are the 
most easily seen, and any defect in comb, wattles, or eyes will 
quickly be noticed by the judge and visitors. 
The conformation of the body should be observed, and no 
bird exhibited which has not the typical shape for that breed. 
The color markings are important, and both surface and 
under color should be studied. 
In choosing between two or more birds, the one having a 
very glaring defect should be discarded for one with minor de- 
fects, even though in greater number. 
A brassy or creamy tint in the plumage of a white bird is a 
serious defect. It is impossible to win a prize or even create a 
pleasing impression with such a specimen. 
Large birds which come up to, or a little above, standard 
weight should be given the preference over small or undersized 
specimens, if other things are equal. Birds below standard weight 
may possibly be brought up to the desired point by feeding. 
Having selected specimens according to these rules, they 
should be placed in training pens, and continually posed until 
they learn to stand in the desired position, the trainer using a 
small round stick for this purpose. Nervous birds require a much 
longer time for proper training. The more frequently the birds 
are handled, the more quickly will they become submissive. 
Slight defects in the angle of the comb, wattles, or tail, may be 
wholly or in part corrected by persistent manipulation with the 
fingers. The exhibitor should send his birds to the show abso- 
lutely clean; this means the washing of the comb, wattles, and 
ear lobes, and of the shanks and toes, with warm water and brush 
to remove dirt from between the toes and under the scales. After 
they are clean, they should be sponged with clean cold water, 
then rubbed with carbolated vaseline, and immediately wiped 
perfectly dry with a soft cloth. 
It is becoming more and more the general practice among 
exhibitors to wash birds previous to showing. This is especially 
true with white-plumaged birds and with any fowl where the 
plumage is soiled. Washing is a delicate operation, for improper 
temperature or any faulty practice will result in making the birds 
appear worse after washing than before. The general procedure, 
followed by most commercial conditioners, is as follows: Use a 
