486 EXHIBITING AND JUDGING 
going on. In order to stamp a higher character on all poultry 
exhibitions, judges and superintendents of shows should mete 
out severe punishment on all cases of faking which come to their 
knowledge. 
EXHIBITIONS OF POULTRY PRODUCTS. 
The competition of classes for dressed poultry and eggs is 
now coming into prominence at most poultry shows, and is an 
important feature both from the educational and the commer- 
cial standpoint. Such classes will draw a larger number of ex- 
hibitors and interested visitors, and prove a most attractive part 
of the exhibit to the visitors, many of whom have no appreciation 
of the finer points of a standard-bred bird, but do appreciate good 
eggs and fine-looking poultry. 
It is a much simpler proposition to judge such exhibits than 
it is to award prizes to live birds. The conflicting characteristics 
are relatively few, they are in quality only, and are usually seen 
at a glance. In listing such classes, the publication of the score 
card to be used in awarding the premiums will help the exhibitor 
to make his entries, and lead to a more uniform and higher grade 
of exhibit. 
JUDGING. 
By judging is meant deciding authoritatively upon the respect- 
ive merits of the birds displayed. Such authority is invested 
in judges, of whom several are usually employed, the number 
varying with the number of the entries. Each judge takes the 
classes with which he is best acquainted, although there are judges 
who, after extensive experience, can intelligently decide upon 
points of merit in almost any class. 
The uses to which poultry judging are put are two-fold: First 
and foremost, judging is the method used to determine the degree 
of excellence of individuals in competition. It is the procedure of 
awarding prizes and thus indirectly determining the ability of one 
man over another as a breeder of specimens which more nearly 
equal or attain a given standard; secondly, judging is used quite 
extensively in educational work, especially at our Agricultural 
Colleges, to fix in the minds of the pupils the characteristics 
desired in certain individuals. Judging for educational purposes 
is carried on in two ways: First, the instructor usually goes 
through the operation a number of times, explaining as he goes, 
