126 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



*409. Centurus carolinus (Linn.). Red-bellied Woodpecker. 



Picus carolinus. Melanerpes carolinus. 



Geog. Dist. — Eastern United States from Gulf of Mexico to Ches- 

 apeake Bay, rarely- northward in the Atlantic States to Massa- 

 chusetts; west of the Alleghanies north to southwestern On- 

 tario, southern Michigan, southern Wisconsin and southeastern 

 South Dakota; west to eastern Nebraska, central Kansas, 

 Indian Territory and Texas; occasionally to Colorado. With 

 the exception of the most northern part of this range chiefly 

 non-migratory, but seldom leaving the woods in winter. 



In Missouri a fairly common resident in all parts of the state, 

 though more common south and eastward, especially in the 

 river bottoms and the alluvial counties of the southeast. 



*412. Colaptes auratus luteus Bangs. Northern Flicker. 

 Cuculus auratus. Colaptes auratus. Picus auratus. Yellow-shafted, Yel- 

 low-winged or Golden-winged Woodpecker. Pigeon Woodpecker. 

 High-holder. Yellow-hammer. 



Geog. Dist. — Like the Pileated Woodpecker the Flicker has 

 been spilt into two subspecies, a northern and a southern, the 

 latter belonging fortunately to the South Atlantic and Gulf 

 States, therefore not concerning us in Missouri. The range of 

 the northern subspecies includes all the rest of eastern and nor- 

 thern North America, west to the foothills of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains in Colorado and Wyoming. North of the United States 

 it ranges from the Atlantic to the Pacific and along the Yukon 

 almost to the Bering Strait. South in winter to the Southern 

 States and on the Pacific coast occasionally to southern Cali- 

 fornia. Though a migratory bird many winter in the Middle 

 States and some even in the Northern States and western 

 Ontario. 



In Missouri the Flicker is one of the best known, most common 

 and universally distributed summer residents. It has adapted 

 itself to the new conditions of the country to such a degree 

 that it is now found breeding comparatively seldom far away 

 from the scenes of human activity. It is one of our most amus- 

 ing pets in suburban and country places, pleasing with its varied 

 repertory of calls and ludicrous gestures, attitudes and manoeu- 

 vres during the time of wooing, which is apparently much pro- 

 tracted for the sake of its own and others' amusement. As a 

 winter resident the Flicker may be called fairly common to rare 



