Widmann — A Preliminary Catalog of the Birds of Missouri. 147 



From the cliffs in the vicinity of New Haven they disappeared 

 in 1881 according to Dr. A. F. Eimbeck. The last record of 

 their breeding in Missouri comes from Hahatonka, Camden Co., 

 where Mr. Philo W. Smith, Jr. secured five eggs, slightly incu- 

 bated, April 5, 1901. He writes: "The nest was about one mile 

 from Hahatonka on a shelf of rock, a mere platform of sticks, 

 with strips of bark, corn husks, a little hair, etc. There were as 

 near as I could judge about six pairs of birds. I think this is 

 the same colony of Ravens that nested a few years before near 

 Vienna on the Gasconade and which I made two unsuccessful 

 trips to locate." 



[486a. Corvus corax principalis Ridgw. Northern Raven.] 



Cotvus corax. Corvus corax var. carnivorus. Corvus carnivorus. Ameri- 

 can Raven. 



Geog. Dist. — Arctic and Boreal provinces of North America; 

 south to western and northern Washington, Great Lakes, New 

 England and higher Alleghanies. According to Mr. R. Ridgway 

 the status of the Ravens breeding east of the Great Plains and 

 south of the Great Lakes has, for lack of material, not been fully 

 determined. It is possible that they form the connecting link 

 and may therefore be placed in either of the two subspecies. 



Mr. M. P. Lientz of Fayette, Howard Co., reported to the 

 Department of Agriculture in the early eighties that the Raven 

 was once numerous but then rare. Mr. W. E. Praeger writes, 

 that there is a specimen in the collection of Mr. Heiser, druggist 

 at Keokuk, which was shot many years ago near Hamilton, Ills., 

 opposite Keokuk. On October 23, 1892, Mr. F. M. Woodruff 

 of the Chicago Academy of Science took a typical example of this 

 subspecies at Meredosia, 111., less than fifty miles from our state 

 line. 



*488. Corvus brachyrhynchos C. L. Brehm. American 

 Crow. 



Corvus americanus. Corvus corone. Corvus frugivorus. Crow. 



Geog. Dist. — North America to southern border of United 

 States (except Florida in summer); north to Newfoundland 

 and Magdalen Islands, Nelson River and lower Anderson River. 



In Missouri a common resident on all cultivated land, but 

 shunning deep forests and therefore rare in the Ozarks and the 

 southeast. Constant warfare with gun and poison has greatly 



