256 



GOVERNMENT REGULATION AND WORKING PLANS 



or more than triple that of the past period. The rise is due chiefly to 

 increases in stumpage. Counting 4,450 acres of forest this is $1 net 

 per acre per year for a mountain forest. It will be double or triple this 

 figure owing to the increase in stumpage since the war.* 



The Appendix. — The Appendix is especiaUy interesting and instruc- 

 tive. To start with there is a tabular and graphic comparison of the 

 old and new volume tables. These are based on diameter alone and 

 the same volume table figures are used for spruce and larch, but a separate 

 table for the pine. Next comes a hst of all trees calipered by compart- 

 ments. The species are listed separately as follows: 



COMPARTMENT 14 



On each page in the first column before the d. b. h. figures is given 

 the volume in cubic meters (to the nearest tenth only) for each diameter 

 classified. Separate records are given for each of the 137 compart- 

 ments, for each working group total, and for the entire forest. After 

 giving his theoretical normal hectare of selection forest, 400 trees 8 to 

 24 inches in diameter, totaling 343 cubic feet, the growing stock (for 

 the entire forest) for 1889 is graphically compared with the present stock 

 and with the normal stand. These curves show at a glance that the 

 forest is still understocked especially in the larger diameters. But it 

 also illustrates the progress made during the past ten years in conserv- 

 ing a depleted stand. A point in poHcy which M. Schaeffer has estab- 

 hshed is that it is not safe to hold over more than one-third the annual 

 increment because of the continual need of cleaning out overmature 

 material in a selection forest and of making thinnings. The curves are 

 reproduced below; in the original working plan, they are supplemented 

 by a table giving for the normal hectare the number and volume of 

 trees by 2-inch diameter classes 8 inches to 24 inches. 



The Pressler borings are given in full, tabulated by 2-inch diameter 

 classes. There are not many, but they are carefully selected under 

 average conditions. For 8-inch trees there are 39; for 10, 48; for 12, 46; 

 for 20, but 22. The readings are the number of years it takes the tree 

 in each class to grow 2 inches. These are then averaged for each diam- 

 " During the war 700 cubic meters sold for 70,000 francs! 



