324 



PRIVATE FORESTRY IN FRANCE 



of the reserves in coppice-under-standards, (4) by developing a road 

 system, (5) by securing a better range force through increasing their 

 pay. 



The property was bought in 1693 by Louis- Alexandre de Bourbon, 

 Count of Toulouse; his son Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Penthievre, in- 

 herited it. It was sequestered during the revolution but was restored to 



Receipts 



Francs 



119,900.00 



1,647 . 10 



1,161.01 



76.00 



273.80 



10.00 



700.00 



32,000.00 



152.20 



155,920.11 



Farms (net) 49,400.00 



Wood 



WindfaU. . . . 

 Rock, etc. . . 

 Grazing .... 

 Indemnities . 

 Trespass. . . . 



Rights 



Hunting. . . . 



Totals. 



205,320.11 



Expenses 



Salaries 



Clothing 



Office 



Cost of making sales 



Road maintenance 



Plantations 



Pruning reserves 



Private logging 



Maintenance of houses. . . . 



Stamp (tax) 



Lawsuits 



Pohcing game rights 



Advertising, etc 



Horses and stable 



(19/20 to "forests") 



Insurance 



Pensions 



Taxes 



Stamps for pensions 



Totals 



Francs 



29,199.64 



1,140.90 



246.48 

 4,920.90 

 2,008.185 

 1,049.585 



870.50 



168.19 



2,249.20 



6.20 



200.00 

 707.592 



1,799.22 



22.60 



928.75 



. 24,263.86 



. 33.75 



■ 69,804.952 



These figures simply serve to illustrate the low net returns for large forest estates in 

 France. The percentage return on the investment cannot be computed but it is cer- 

 tainly less than 2 per cent. The taxes eat up more than 10 per cent of the gross receipts. 



Gazin's budget is divided into six chapters followed by a general summary: (1) 

 Forests; (2) houses and farms; (3) sawmills; (4) chateaux and parks; (5) him ting 

 and fishing; (6) pensions; (7) recapitulation. The estimate signed December 18, 1912, 

 and approved by the Due de Penthifivre, is as follows : 



The cost of administration totaled 3.40 francs per hectare per year; maintenance 

 0.98; cost of making sales, 0.60; total of 4.98 francs, excluding taxes (34 cents per acre). 

 The coppice in 1865 sold for 95,000 francs; in 1866, 152,000; in 1870, 120,000; and in 

 1913, 16,000 francs, or only about 10 per cent gross receipts. This iUustrates the loss to 

 forest owners in France through the discovery and use of coal. 



