(IKNl'H TESTAi'KLLA. 



>.— Hinder rnd 



of liiv:;unl sliealli of T. 



Tlio LiNdi'AL SHEATH wliito niid f;Tistl3', exliiliitiii,!;' externally aloiii;- its 

 lelt U]i)iei' siirl'acr a ilistiiict liin^;-ituilinal suture iir s(\aiu nii oiii)Osite sides 

 nf wliicli, at tlie liinilcr end, tlir paired cuiisl il iicnts (if the retraetei's are 

 aihxi'd; the (>nnriii(ins di>velii]iiiient 

 lit tli(^ relrarters is in stvirt eerrelatidn 

 witli tlie nature nt their fund, as tn 

 n\i'rriinie the highly niusiudar .and 

 stvui;^;lin,!4 eartlnviirnis deinands a ]ire- 

 diiminatinf;- aiita,i;iinisHi : 'rENTAerLAii 

 liKTUAOTiiiis very Ihul;- and ([uite inde- 



piMident iif the iiliarvnu'i'al i;riiu|), and wi^i'.v", rr.-m iiiyic ComuMii, x 4, shouins ihe 

 (it earn etiier, with widely selia,rateil 



liiiiuts (if attachiuent tn the iiite,i;anuent, differini;- thus fnmi the Liniaccs, 

 and innuiiiu- witli Ar'um the ,l;t(ui]i Triehorlii/.a.' 



The i;ei'|',ii|iUi'TIVE (UKians are (■diniiaratively siiupli\ ^■,aryin,^■ smncwhat 

 iKit niil)' in the relati\'e iirniKirtidUs uf their various ]iarts, Imt alsii as in 

 ntlier urmiiis inereasiiin' \';istly in size at tlie a.p]iriiaeh uf the hveediii.i;' sea- 

 sen; the ii\airEsris small, iinhedded within the lar,i;'e diu'estive gland; 

 the irEHMAPiufdDiTE DUCT elnsely eiin\(iluted and entering the large and 

 )'ell(5wish albumen gland abdut its middle ; (ivintCT with broad, anijile folds, 

 suggestive (if 1,'irgc eggs, partially ddubled upon itself, owing to the liigh 

 attaelnnent of spermathcea ; ri;xis sheath only moderately developed; no 

 mueus glands; atiiium sliort and narrdw; penis and \'agina separated hy 

 the right tentacular retraetdf. 



Reproduction and Development.- -In mild weather, especially in 

 spring and autumn, tic pairing takes place, the tentacles being retracted 

 during the iirdC(_'ss, which dccuiiies tdiir (ir h\'e hnurs. Five (jr six days 

 afterwards, ten nr mi ire eggs .are deposited within the nndergronnd galleries, 

 sometimes a yard nr lUdre lieneatli the surface. The eggs are oval and 

 white, sdinewh.at acuminate at the ends, and althnugh enclosed by a hard, 

 calcareniis shell, exiilode with a perceptible noise when removed from the 

 ground and ]ilaced npiin the hand nr in a warm ]ilace, hut, accor<ling to 

 Faure-Bigiii't, they m.a)' he preserved il' ]iliing('il at ^nw{' into boiling water. 



Tlie eggs hatidi in frnm ten to tliirt\'-h\-e days, according to the .species 

 and the prevailing temperature, the )'(iiing at once entering n])on a preda- 

 tiiry life, de\(iiiring ydung ea.rthwdrms and the minute white threadworms 

 \vhiclL li\-i' Ix'iieatli decaying \egetatidn ; they usually becdnie adult in about 

 eighlceii months, and may .att.ain ti\'e dr six years df age. 



Food and Habits. — Tlie\- are iin.'dacidus and very \dracidiis and not 

 only jircy ujinii wiirni^, but will .alsn (le\'dur slugs, snails, centipedes, and 

 (A'cn sm.all individuals id' their nwu hind, altbongli, according to Gassies, 

 they will lint e.al dead .aiilm.als. .and even decline fresh worms which have 

 been chd|)|icd up td feed tbem, ISdiiilli't, hiiwever, records that chopped 

 wnrm,-; ;nv diA'niiivd by the 'J'i!<t:in'llii when Laid as bait on the groiuul. 

 Tim ]iivy is sci/rd by a r.apid priilru^idii uf I be ddnotnphnre, the worm be- 



c iii^ liii|i;iled upnii the niidlitude of barbed .and .aculeate teeth which 



dn'aric.ale diirinu prolriisioii : Ibe r.adula is then ri'traided and the wnrni or 

 nl her )iicy is ,^r. id 1 rally euL;iilplie(l in the m.aw nf its enemy, but sn slnwly in 



snme cases tb.al niie I nf a worm m.a\' lia,\e lieconie digested within the 



sinui.acb while Ihe ntlier 1 still .ali\c prnjecls frnm thi> niniilb. When 



ynieedwilh rnml il le ;i 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 heciime-; lei I i.a r-ic .a ml colli r.acleih but if disliiflicil 

 durim;- ; :il llie\' will ntten disgnr^e Ihe prey IIka' ni.a\' bi^ eniisuming. 



