TESTACELLA MAUlJEI 



23 



'I'lii- l.lxct'Ai. TEETH ill this ^iierics .-u-e iiiiire clusrly .-utiuii;!'!! iipiiii the lailula, 

 ami On: tiaiis\fise niws (if tuutli iinicli less acutely aii,L;iilateil than in eitlier T. 



Fi.;, HI.— Ti-.msK 

 •Jll, fr-Mm lli-lstol ; 



uf iculli fr 



h-urcJ iruiii ;i pho 

 JnilioliJ.ii ur 7'. .^r III II I II 111,^ I lie 



the |ii)a]ihysis near the iiiiihlle 



ilistiiietly (lerceiitilile in certaii 



The liental fdnnula of a l!r 



Fi,,. :■;: 



I oiloiihjiiliurcuf r. iiiaiiQci llfth and 1 

 "■ l-y -\- 'I- Cu.,ke. ihu r:ulula 



iiiilividiial leelh are s^iiia.llei-, h 

 of the tooth, anil the iiiiniUe vi 



paits of the ruilul.-i. 

 still speeinien is i i +ii + i + » + i -i 



- I^ulalcil ttetli frriin ttie 

 mil luliaitLldiiial rous of 

 -A r. inalixci > 10. 



^s ilistiiietly liarlieil, 

 Ui^ial central toolli 



Fig. 30,- Egg i.f T. 

 vhiiti^ci X 1.1 (ai'ler Ga^- 

 sics and Fi.sclier). 



Reproduction and Development. — AcriiTilim^ tu tltissies, it i.s tlic 

 most prulitic siiecie.s eit the .tteims, and in France may 

 lay five times in une year, eight to tifteen Itirge, some- 

 wliat ticuuiiuate oval e.n'gs, abtnit five mih. lij' funr mill., 

 wliicli are euelosetl in firm, wliite ctilcafemi.s slieUs, 

 wliicli gratlually become yeDinvisli. lu tin's country 

 they have lieeii ol.iserveil to lay in ila.y ami August, the eggs liatching in 

 from twenty to thirty-five flays, acconliiig t(.i the weather. 



Food and Habits. — T. iiiniigci is not active, Ijut more gregtirious than 

 either T. kiUntiden or T. scutnhiin, anil is also more insatiable and raven- 

 ous, destroying its congeners in deftiult of nther fond when confined Avitli 

 them. It usually lives from si.x to twelve inches Iteneath the surface, its 

 retretxt, according to Mr. Tomlin, Iteing easily detected by the large, clean- 

 cut litjle it leaves, very different frttm that of ;i worm, and usually beneath 

 some sheltering plant. 



Ill wet weather, when driven from their subterranean retretits, they hide 

 beneath the foliage of gtirden pinks or other sheltering plants, often in a 

 sort of open nest in the moist ettrth, to the aspect of ^vhich their u.sual 

 colouring closely assimihites. 



Geological History. — Tixtuci-lhi iiKiinjci has uut lieen fimnd fossilized 

 in this country, l.mt has been recorded from the basin of the lllinne, antl htxs 

 been describeil under the iituiies of T. lartdii Dupuy, T. nmi/cfi Bourg., 



Fig. 'i'l. — r.lartcUi X 3 

 (after Uabsius & Fischer). 



Fig. :iS.— r. larlctii X 1 

 (after Dupuy). 



Fig. :W — /'. lumlcll Uotirg. > 

 (aflcr Gas.sies & Fisehcr). 



aiLd T. aqaitiuiirn (h'atelou]), from ;i fritd.ile, argdhtceijus marl in the lull 

 of Sausau, Gers, ascribed to Miocene age. The T. dcskaycsii Micliaud and 

 T. altw-rlpw Grateloup, from the blue Pliocene marls of Ilaute-llive ni the 

 Drome, are also considered practictJly identical with T. iiiaiujet l.iy Gassies 

 and Fischer, while T. <t,sinbm de Serres, from the Middle Pliocene freshwater 

 deposits of Froutignan, netir Cette, and T. bruntoniiuia de Serres, from the 



1 This peculiarity alone establi.shes the incorrectnes.s of the reference to T haliclidca. of the figure of 

 the teeth, given on p. 29S of Woodward's Manual ; it should l,e really ascribed to the present species, i\ r. 

 Cocken, u-ho prepared the radi.la from which the engraving was made, correctly indicated the species under 



Cocken, who prepa 



Lriniarck'.s name, T. hnliotoidi 



