60 LIMAX CINEBEO-NIGER. 



Var. renardii Kaleuicz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc, 1851, p. 120, pi. iv.,f. 2. 



LimcLX antiijuoruin Renardii Kal., op. cit. 



Limax subalpinus Lessona, Moll. Piemonte, 1880, p. 18, pi. 2,_fT. 1-6- 



Liviax subatpinus y simplex Lessona & Pollonera, Monog. Limac. Ital., 1882, p. 36. 



Limax subalpinus a garocelus Lessona & Pollonera, op. cit. 



Limax subalpinus d veremensis Less. & Poll., op. cit. 



Limax vtaximus var. tschapecki Simroth, Nacht. Mai. Ges., 1886, p. 69. 



Keel and mid-doi-sal zone wliitish, body with three dark zones on each side. 

 Fornmla 321 123. Tlie L. subalpinus Lessona and subsidiary forms differ chiefly in 

 the retention by adults of the maculate mantle of the juvenile stage. 



The var. renardii sensu stricto, has the sides of the body ashy-black, the inner 

 and main bands black and continuous, outer band represented by a series of black 

 spots; a white zone between the inner and main bands ; shield ash-coloured. 



The sub- var. tsehapeeki is somewhat variable, but has the white keel extend- 

 ing quite up to the sliield; sides of body wliitish ■with continuous main-band and 

 indefinite inner and outer bands; shield speckled black and white. 



The sub-var. subalpina has the whitish keel continued to the shield as a series 

 of dorsal spots ; sides of the body whitish, with three brownish-grey zones on each 

 side which blend together and leave two rows of whitish spots between them. 



The sub-var. simplex is similar, but the back is unicolorous. 



The sub-var. garoeela has the keel and dorsal-zone maculate with black, sides 

 of the body whitish, maculate with black. 



The sub-var. veronensis has the sides of the body and shield of an olivaceous 

 ash-colour, the .shield and body maculate or longitudinally banded with fuscous. 



Not hitherto found in the 13ritish Isles. 



Italy — The var. subalpina has been found in various localities in Piedmont, attain- 

 ing its gi-eatest altitude at Usseglio,Va]le di Lanzo, 1,252 metres (about 4, 100 feet) ; 

 it lias also been found at Rivarossa, liivoli, Avigliana, Sacra di S. Miehele, Hill 

 of S. Giovanni, and the Hills of Turin. The sub-var. simplex is found at Eivoli and 

 Avigliana. The sub-var. garocela on the Hill of S. Giovanni in the Yalle di Viii, and 

 has been doubtfully recorded by De Betta from Venetia. The sub-vai'. veronensis is 

 recorded for A'erona in Venetia by De Betta (Lessona it Pollonera, op. cit.). 



Austro-Hung-ary — The sub- v. tschapecki, Styria and Carniola (Clessin, Moll. , 1887). 



Russia — The var. renardii was found in moist places and shady woods, near 

 Sumy, Kharkov, in Aug. 1831 (Kaleniczeuko, op. cit.). 



Var. ornata Le.ssona, Moll. Piemonte, 1880, p. 21. 



Lifuax citiereo-niger e ornatus Lessona, op. cit. 



Keel and dorsal zone white, a series of white niaculations on each side of the 

 body, which is black. Formula (32)1 1(23). 



Sussex W.— Up Park, Aug. 1888! with type, W. Jefltery. 



Italy — In Piedmont, at Alagna, Val Sesia, and at Maccugnaga in A'al Anzasca, 

 at an altitude of 1,323 metres (about 4,340 feet) (Less. & Poll., op. cit., p. 30). 



Var. cinereo-nigra Wolf sensu .stricto. 



Limax antiquorum var. a F6r., Hist. Moll., 1819, pi. 8u, f. 2. 



Arion lineaius Diimont, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Savoie, 1849, p. 64. 



Limax antiquorum razoum(yivskii Kaleniczenko, Bull. Mosc, 1851, p. 120. 



Limax lineatus Dum. tte Mort., Hist, Moll. Sav., 1852, p. 12. 



Limax vtaximus v luctuosus Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Moll. France, 1855, ii., p. 29. 



Liviax nubigenus Bourg., Spic. Mai., 1863, p. 20. 



Livtax dacampi var. nmalite Bettoni, Bull. M.il. Ital., 1870, iii.,p. 166, pi. 3, ff. 2, 2a. 



Limax cinereo-niger y camerani Less, tfe Poll., Mon. Liin. Ilal., 1882, p. 29. 



Liviax cinereus ^ ijiterjiicdia Brevifere, J. de Conch., 1881, p. 314. 



Limax hedleyi Collinge, J. of Mai., 1894, p. 51. 



Keel and mid-line white; shield and sides of body black. Formula (321) (123). 



The Arioti lineaius of Dumont, the Limax clacainpi var. antalia: of Bettoni, 

 Limax antiquorum a of Ferussac, Limax maxiimis ficincreo-niger oi Moquin-Tandon, 

 Limax bilohatiis of Kay & Drouet, and Limax claraeallensis of Drouet appear to be 

 strictly synonymous with the type-form of cinerco-niger. 



The sub-var. nubigena lias the white keel line extending only one-third the 

 length of the body, the neck of yellowish-ash colour, and is a dwarfed or stunted form. 



The sub-\ai.'<. razoumowskii and luctuosa only differ from typical einereo- 

 nifjer in the keel and dorsal-line being sullied by n yellowish shade, and by only 

 extending to half the length of the body in Inri iitisa. 



The Kub-var. intermedia has the keel and mid-line whitish, and shield and 

 sides of the body deep grey or brown. 



The sub-var. camerani only differs from the sub-var. intermedia in the fuscous- 

 ehestnut colour of the shield and body. 



