QUESTIONS 99 
common everywhere before other races were introduced. Ac- 
cordingly, more or less of this stock is likely to be found in any 
locality. As above stated, the Italians have been so extensively 
cultivated in many regions that the blacks are no longer pure, 
but are only found mixed with Italians. 
They are not nearly as gentle as the Italians. Neither do 
they resist disease or moths with much success. When the hive 
is opened, they rush here and there with such nervous haste as to 
be very disconcerting to the beekeeper. The queens are very 
difficult to find, and taken altogether they are unsatisfactory bees 
to handle on a commercial scale. 
Carniolans.—The Carniolans somewhat resemble the blacks 
in color, although the bands are more distinct. They are gentle 
like the Italians, and are quite popular in some localities. The 
principal objection to them is the excessive swarming propensity. 
They rear large quantities of brood as the queens are very prolific. 
Caucasians.—These bees resemble the common blacks so 
closely that the novice will find it difficult to tell the one from 
the other. They are, however, said to be a gentle race, and have 
a few champions who assert that they are the best bees ever 
introduced. 
It is a pretty safe rule in the average American locality to 
depend upon the Italian, unless some other race has been suc- 
cessfully tried in the neighborhood. It is only fair to say, how- 
ever, that no other race has been tried under such widely different 
conditions as has the Italian. It is possible that with an equal 
opportunity to demonstrate their good qualities, either the Cau- 
casian or Carniolan races may rival them for popular favor. 
QUESTIONS 
. Describe the life history of the queen and note her peculiarities. 
In what respect do the workers differ from the queen? 
. Discuss fertile workers. 
. Give the life history of the drone and tell something of his habits. 
Note the difference in the three kinds of cells in which queens, drones 
and workers are reared. 
. Tell something of the different races of bees. 
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