ESSENTIALS OF SUCCESS 153 
When using this plan care must be taken to see that the 
queen is in the lower story when raising this shallow extracting 
super to place the comb honey super under it. It will usually 
be advisable to use a queen excluder (Fig. 77) under the supers 
to prevent the queen going above until the shallow combs are 
removed. 
Essentials of Success.—The one big factor in getting a yield 
of honey, next to plenty of nectar in the fields, is to have big 
colonies of bees with the hive fairly running over with the honey 
Fia. 77.—Ventilated bee escape and queen excluders. 
gathering force. One strong colony at the beginning of the 
harvest is likely to store as much surplus as three or four of 
moderate strength and as much as a dozen that are weak when 
the harvest opens. From the time the honey is removed in the 
fall until the supers are placed on the hive for the next crop every 
move of the bee-keeper is made with a view of bringing the 
colonies to the next harvest with multitudes of bees. 
Plenty of first quality stores and a large cluster of young 
bees insures good wintering, with proper care. The colony that 
comes through the winter with bees enough to cover four or more 
frames is the one that will build up quickly in the spring. Weak 
colonies are very slow in building up and the apiarist who does 
