222 DISEASES AND ENEMIES OF BEES 
If the queen at the head of the diseased colony be old or failing 
it is well to re-queen with vigorous young stock. Some recom- 
mend treatment for this disease as with foul brood, but that is 
seldom, if ever, necessary. In bad cases where the colony is 
weak the queen should be replaced and the colony strengthened 
by the addition of frames of emerging brood. 
Symptoms of Sacbrood.—This disease somewhat resembles 
European foul brood and is frequently confused with that dis- 
ease. Inspectors have in several instances been called long dis- 
tances to deal with European foul brood, only to find after a 
few days’ delay that the disease was sacbrood and had nearly 
disappeared of itself. The dead larvee are found to be extended 
the full length in the cell with the sharp pointed end slightly 
turned upward. The dead tissue soon assumes a dark color and 
there is little or no odor to the combs. 
Chilled or Starved Brood.—The young bees die from several 
other causes than any of the three diseases mentioned. It fre- 
quently happens in early spring that the brood nest expands rap- 
idly during the first warm days, with the result that a sudden 
drop in the temperature makes it impossible for the bees to 
warm all the brood and a portion becomes chilled. The supply 
of honey or pollen is also at times exhausted when unfavorable 
weather conditions make it impossible for the bees to gather 
stores for a considerable period and much brood is lost from 
starvation. 
When bees are being moved without sufficient ventilation 
the brood is sometimes lost from overheating. All of these causes 
are occasionally responsible for the supposition that foul brood 
is present when, in fact, it is not. 
Poisoning.—The growth of the commercial fruit industry 
has developed a new difficulty,—poisoning the bees. It fre- 
quently happens that some overzealous fruit grower, blind to his 
own best interest, spravs his fruit trees while in full bloom. 
This not only injures the chances of getting a full crop of 
