PITTING OR BURYING 243 
sides and the back. The space thus provided is filled with leaves. 
The front is provided with no protection. Fig. 110 shows the 
method employed by C. P. Dadant, one of the best known Ameri- 
can bee-keepers, of wintering in the Dadant hive which he has 
used for many years. The results seem to be satisfactory when 
proper stores are supplied. This way, while suited to the con- 
ditions of Keokuk and southward, would hardly be safe much 
Fria. 111.—One method of packing on the summer stands: (a) roof of composition materia 
(b) board over entrance. 
farther north, judging from the reports of outdoor wintering 
from northern sections. This plan is not suited to small hives, 
such as the eight-frame Langstroth so commonly used. 
Pitting or Burying.—On sandy or other very porous soils 
a few bee-keepers practise pitting or burying. A trench is dug 
about eighteen inches deep and 2 X 4’s placed in the bottom 
to keep the hives off the ground. After its bottom has been 
removed the hive is placed on the scantling and the cover slightly 
