296 LAWS THAT CONCERN THE BEE-BEEPER 
Such laws are very important but it is difficult to enforce them 
fully as the inspector has no means of knowing when and where 
bees are to be moved. Disease is frequently brought into locali- 
ties that have been previously free from it, by shipment of bees 
in emigrant cars along with other personal effects. Jailroads 
and express companies issue instructions to their agents fre- 
quently and every agent is notified of a provision of law of the 
kind adopted in Iowa, with the result that some shipments at 
least will be checked until properly inspected. 
Shipment of (Jueens.—By far the largest interstate business 
in bees is the shipment of queens. Thousands of queens are 
shipped through the mail and by express. Disease has often 
been carried with the cages in which the queens are sent through 
the mails. Usually eases of this kind are traceable to the use 
of honey from diseased colonies for making the candy on which 
the queens feed enroute. Postal regulatious now require that 
queens shall be accompanied hy a certificate of health from some 
duly authorized inspector or by an affidavit that the candy on 
which they are fed was boiled for thirty minutes. 
The safest plan is for the bee-keeper to place the queen in a 
new cage without candy, or with candy which is known to be 
free from disease germs, before introducing into the apiary. 
RELATING TO TIE ADULTERATION AND SALE OF ILONEY 
The pure food laws are a great boon to the honey producer. 
For many vears all kinds of adulterations of honey were in the 
market. The hee-keeper found it very hard to compete with 
these adulterations which could be sold at a very .low price. 
Adulteration was so common that the public came to believe that 
all quid honey was adulterated and extracted honey fell in 
price to such a point that it was no louger profitable to produce it. 
Fortunately it has never been found possible to imitate the 
natural product in the comb and the comb honey producer never 
suffered as seriously. 
Stories to the effect that comb honey was manufactured at 
