2 DICOTYLEDONS. 



Alliance XX. Parietales.— .Sf(/mf».s definite nr indefinite. Ovary syneurpmis, with 2 

 or more jxtrietal placentas, either 1-celled, or incompletely divided by the placentas iirotrndiny m 

 the cavity, or divided by false dissepiments connectiny the placentas. Ovules nsually several to 

 each placenta, rarely solitary. 



VII. PAPAVERAOEa:. Herbs with alternate leaves. No stipules. Sepals 2. Petals 4. Flowers 

 regular, with indefinite stamens, or irregular, with diadelphous definite s(amens. Albumen 

 copious. Embryo small. 



VIII. CEUoiFEEffl. Herbs with alternate leaves. No stipules. Sepals 4. Petals 4. Stamens 

 6, tetradynamous or rarely 4. Placentas 2, connected by a false dissepiment. No albumen. 

 Embryo curved. 



IX. Cappaeide^. Herbs, shrubs, or tree^. Stipules often prickly. Sepals 4 (2 outer ones 

 sometimes united) . Petals 4 (rarely more, or none, or united). Stamens indefinite, or if few, 

 not tetradynamous. Placentas 2 or more. No albumen. Embryo curved. 



X. ViOLAEiE/E. Herbs or shrubs. Stipules herbaceous or small. Sepals 5. Petals 5 (often 

 irregular). Anthers 5, on short filaments, connivent or connected in a ring round the pistil. 

 Placentas usually 3. Albumen fieshy. Embryo rather large. 



XI. BixiNE/E. Trees or shrubs. Stipules none. Sepals 5 or fewer. Petals various, often 

 none. Stamens indefinite. Placentas 2, 3-, or more (meeting in the axis in Cochlospermum). 

 Albumen fleshy. Embryo rather large. 



Alliance XXX. Poly^allneEe. — Sepals and petals 5 each, rarely fewer. Stamens the 

 same nimiber or twice as many, or fewer when the fioieers are irreyular. Ovary iisitally 2-nun'Oits 

 {althouyh in most genera occasionally 3 — 5-merous), partially or completely divided into as many 

 cells. Ovules indefinite, or solitary with a superior micropyle. AUmmen fleshy. 



XII. PiTTOSPOEE^. Trees, shrubs, undershrubs, or twiners, with alternate leaves. No 

 stipules. Flowers regular or oblique. Stamens as many as petals. Embryo minute. 



XIII. TBEMANDEEiE. Shrubs often heath-like, with alternate or whorled or opposite leaves. 

 No stipules. Flowers regular. Stamens twice as many as petals. Embryo small or minute. 



XIV. PoLYGALE^. Herbs, undershrubs, or shrubs, with alternate leaves. No stipules. 

 Flowers irregular. Stamens monadelphous. Embryo rather large, sometimes almost or quite 

 without albumen. 



Alliance XV. Caryo-phylUneeB.— Sepals or calyx-lobes 5 or fewer. Petals 5 or 

 fewer. Stamens as many or twice as many, or indefinite. Ovary 1-celled, with central placentas 

 (except Frankenia). Albumen mealy. Embryo carved, or rarely straight when the albumen is 

 scanty, 



(Ovary half-inferior in Portulaca.) 



XV. Feankeniace^. Small or prostrate undershrubs, or herbs, with small opposite leaves. 

 No stipules. Calyx angular, toothed. Petals isomerous with the calyx. Stamens definite. 

 Placentas parietal. 



XVI. Caeyophylle.i:. Herbs rarely undershrubs, with opposite entire leaves, Stipules none 

 or scarious. Calyx toothed or sepals free. Petals isomerous with the calyx. Stamens definite. 

 Placentas central. 



XVII. PoETULACEa. Herbs, often succulent, with alternate or opposite leaves. Stipules 

 scarious or changed into hairs. Sepals 2. Petals more numerous than the sepals. Stamens 

 indefinite or rarely definite. Placentas central. 



Alliance V. Gnttifer&lea.— Sepals imbricate. Petals as many as sepals, or rarely 

 more. Stamens indefinite {except m&tinees). Ovary divided into cells, with axile placentas. 



XVIII. .ffii/ATiNE^E. Herbs or undershrubs, with small opposite' leaves. Stipules small 

 Flowers hermaphrodite. Stamens definite. 



XIX. Hypeeicine^. Herbs or shrubs, with opposite leaves. No stipules. Flowers her- 

 maphrodite. Stamens indefinite. 



XX. GuiTiFEEffi. Trees or shrubs with opposite leaves. No stipules. Flowers nolveamous 

 or unisexual. Stamens indefinite. r j& 



XXI. Teenstkolmiacejs. Trees or shrulis, with often alternate, coriaceous undivided leaves 

 very rarely opposite or digitate. Stipules usually' absent. Flowers hermaphrodite or rarelv 

 unisexual. Stamens often indefinite. '»icy 



Alliance VI. Ittalyales — Sisals v(flvate (except Echinoearpus). Petals as manv as 

 tepaU.or none. Stamens mdefimte or monadelphous (except Lasiopetalete). Ovarv divided i„tn 

 cells with axile placentas. ' w ' '""' '""' 



XXII. Malvace^ Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with alternate leaves. Stipules uSuallv nre^ent 

 Stamens mpnadelphous. Anthers l-celled, ^ usuauy present, 



