40 ANIMAL LIFE UNDER WATER 



the penguin I should like to draw attention to 

 the movements of this bird under water. The 

 flight is by means of regular and rhythmic strokes 

 of the featherless wings, and both feet are trailed 

 out straight behind the bird. When the penguin 

 desires to turn it does not do so by unequal 

 strokes of the .wings, but depresses one foot or 

 the other, and when it wishes to come to the 

 surface it elevates its stiff tail in much the same 

 manner as the tail of an aeroplane is operated. 

 To catch a fish the bird generally comes up from 

 beneath it and seizes it across the middle, but the 

 capture is invariably turned and swallowed head 

 first. 



The photographs opposite of- a penguin catch- 

 ing a fish were taken with a special lighting so 

 as to show up the movements of the bird under 

 the water. In the third picture it will be seen 

 how the penguin stopped its progress through 

 the water as soon as it had caught its fish by 

 depressing the webbed feet. Unlike the cormor- 

 ant, who comes up to the surface to swallow each 

 capture, a penguin will swallow several fair-sized 

 specimens under the water. 



Penguins, like cormorants, devour large 

 quantities of fish, but all divers appear to be 



