326 PROFITS IN POULTRY. 
Treatment.—First, separate the fowls; second, destroy 
infected droppings. The chief drugs used against tape- 
worms are: Extract of male fern, turpentine, powdered 
kamala, areca nut, pomegranate root bark, pumpkin 
seeds and sulphate of copper (bluestone). According to 
Zirn, powdered areca nut is the best tapeworm remedy 
for fowls, but he calls attention to the fact that turkeys 
are unfavorably affected by this medicine. He advises 
the administration of powdered areca nut in doses of 2 
to 3 grams (—30 to 45 grains), mixed with Dieser and 
made into pills. 
Liquid extract of male fern is very effectual against 
tapeworms. Hutcheon advises a teaspoonful for young 
ostriches three to four months old, to a tablespoonful 
for a full-grown ostrich; it may be made into a pill 
with flour. The dose recommended by the department. 
of agriculture is from one to three tablespoonfuls of tur- 
pentine, according to the size of the chicken. 
The illustration, Fig. 129, shows a form of tapeworm 
disease sometimes mistaken for tuberculosis. The nod- 
ules in the intestines look like the tubercles of the other 
disease, but if the surface of the intestines is carefully 
washed the small worms can be seen. 
CHOLERA is a terrible scourge—the worst with which 
the poultry grower has to contend. It not only deci- 
mates, but often destroys whole flocks. It is far more 
prevalent in the West and South than in the Hast and 
North. There is no doubt but that low, marshy 
grounds, and damp, filthy quarters, will encourage the 
disease and predispose fowls to its ravages. In careful 
experiments by Prof. Pasteur, of the London interna- 
tional medical college, it was found that the blood, body 
and excrements of the diseased fowl were filled with 
minute organisms. One drop of this blood introduced 
into a little chicken soup will speedily affect it in the 
same manner, and so on even to the hundredth depart- 
