The Jacobin. 205 



It will now be seen how a long neck adds to the appearance of the jaco- 

 bin, and how it gives room for a display of chain. Let a short-necked 

 one be never so good in hood and chain, it looks very mean beside an 

 equally well fnrnished long-necked one. The ends of the chain must 

 turn beautifully round at the bottom, and so commence the tippet. 



Tippet. — This is formed by the feathers growing backwards over the 

 shoulders and back. It ought to be full and convex in shape aU round, 

 and the longer and fuller in feather a bird is, the better it will be in this 

 property. 



Rose. — Opposed to the theory that the perfect jacobin should have a 

 clean diviaionof the feathers at the back of its neck, part growing for- 

 ward to form the hood and chain, and part backward to form the tippet, 

 is the fact, that on each side of the neck the feathers grow out all 

 round from a centre, as on the head of the trumpeter. The formation of 

 the rose may be well seen in a young bird as it gradually feathers in the 

 nest. When about three weeks old, the young one which will become good 

 when matured, has a perfectly formed rose on each side of its neck, the 

 feathers at the top of which become the mane. At maturity, the rose 

 should appear as an oval-shaped spot of white down, hollow in the centre, 

 in those coloirrs which have a white under-down to the feather, as red 

 and yellow. In blacks, the downy part of the feather is not white, but 

 of a medium tint ; but, although the black cannot therefore have such 

 a contrast in colour between the chain and rose, the formation of the 

 latter should be correct. The formation of hood, chain, tippet, and 

 mane may be aU very good, and yet the rose may be faulty from an 

 awkward feather or two standing up in the centre of it, the removal of 

 which causes aU to look well. 



Mane. — The feathers forming the mane have no connection with those 

 of the hood, but grow from low down on each side of the neck, being 

 those which take an upward direction from the centre, known as the rose. 

 They ought to fall in with the sweep of the hood and tippet, filling up 

 the cavity which, but for them, would exist. A good mane is difficult 

 to get, aa, instead of its ridge being sharp and even, one of the sides 

 forming it often presses down the other, causing a twisted mane ; or 

 each side may force itself through the other at some part, and so spoil 

 the hogged appearance it ought to have. And the feathers forming the 

 mane are also movable by the bird at will, so that what may be a good 



