KEY TO THE FAMILIES 



33 



Vertical; upright. 



Vartloll; a whorl, 



V«rtlolMatt»; whorled. 



Vlllosil'; shaggy with long and soft hairs. 



Vina; any plant with a trailing or climbing 



stem. 

 Vliold; having • sticky surface. 

 Voluble; twining. 



W/avy; the surface or margin alternately convex 

 and concave. 



Waxy;*resenibling beeswax in texture or ap- 

 pearance. 



Wedge-shaped; broad above* tapering by 

 straight lines to a narrow base. 



Whor) ; an arrangement of leaves, or other 

 organs in circles around the stem, or axis. 



Whorled; arranged in whorls. 



Wing; any thin expansion. 



Winged; fiirnislied with a wing. 



Woolly; clothed with long and entangled soft 

 hairs. 



KEY TO THE FAMILIES ' 



1. Plants without flowers or seeds, reproduced by means of spores. 



I. FTEBISOFHYTA 

 1. Plants with flowers that produce seeds II. SPEKMATOPHTTA 



^'.tf. ..-^ t PTERIDOPHYTA 



1. Leaves broad, entire or vatiously dissected, large in proportion to the 

 stem. 

 2, Spores minute, of one kind only; leaves entire or variously pinnately 

 dissected, small to' large. 

 3. .Erect, not twining. 



4. Terrestrial or epiphytic plants; sporangia arranged in- sori, the 



ittihulus opening transversely 1. Polypodiaceae (p. 45) 



4. Plants growing in mud or in shallow water; sporangia scattered, 



the annulus opening vertically... 2. Parkeriaceae (p. 5&) 



3. Slender twining plants ,. 3. Schizaeaceae (p. 60) 



2. Spores of two kinds, minute microspores, pnd larger microspores borne 

 in spijrocarps; leaves 4-foliolate; plants growing in mud or in 



shallow water A.-Mfirsiliaceae (p. 61) 



i. Leaves small, entire, very numerous, scale-like or awl-like, on elongated, 

 simple or .branched stems. 



2. Spores all alike, of one kind and size 6. Lycopodiacede (p. 61) 



2. Spores of two kinds, small microspores and larger macrospores. 



S. Selaginellaceae (p. 63)- 



^," (/. ■»- n. SPERMATOP;SYTA 



1. Ovules not enclosed in an ovary, these and the seeds borne on the face of 



a scale or bract; stigm»s none...„.=....-...S«A?.'l>.».V.: I. Gyiwnospermae 



2. Palm-like plants' with stout trimks and stiflf, fernJike, pinnate -leaves, 

 the male flowers in jjense cpofes, the female ones few on specialized 



leaves. _ <-^ "^^ Cycadaceae (p. 64) 



1. Ovules borne in a closed cavity (dVar^ ; stigmas present. 



5««i».~'0tV» II. Angiospermae 

 2. Cotyledoh 1; vascular bundles scattered; leaves usually (not always) 



parallel-veined...: .., ..- A. Mohocotyledoneae (p. 34) 



2 Cotyledpns 2; vascular bOindles usually arranged m rings; leaves 

 netted-veined - -, B. DIcotyledoneae (p. 35) 



'In this artifipfel key to the families, account is taken only of the 

 characters of those species included in the present work. For ^ key to all 

 the known families represented in the Philippine flora see Copeland, E. B., 

 "Key to the Families of Vascular "Plants in the Philippine Islands." Bureau 

 of Education Bull. 24. 



II.ISBB 3 



