66 A FLORA OF MANILA 



1. TYPHA Linnaeus 



Character of the Family as giver above. (The old Greek name.) 

 Species 9 with some subspecies and many varieties in all parts of the 

 world, 2 in the Philippines. 



1. Typha angustifolia L. subsp. javanica Schnizl. Lampacanay (Vis.); 

 Balangot (Tag.) ; Cat-tail. 



Erect, glabrous, up to 2 m high. Leaves long, 10 to 12 mm wide. 

 Spikes exserted, cylindric, the female one when mature brown, 12 to 20 

 cm ,long, up to 2 cm in diameter. 



Locally abundant in low wet places, and shallow stagnant fresh water; 

 vddely distributed in the Philippines. The subspecies extends from the 

 Mascarene Islands to Ceylon eastward and southward to New Guinea, the 

 species widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and North America. 



9. PANDANACEAE (Pandan Family) 



Erect dioecious shrubs or trees, usually with prop-roots, or vines climbing 

 by aerial roots, the leaves 3-ranked, spirally arranged, narrow, elongated, 

 acuminate, the margins and midribs usually spinously toothed. Inflores- 

 cence axillary or terminal, simple or branched, clothed with leafy spathes 

 or bracts. Flowers small, crowded on a catkin-like spadix. Perianth 

 none. Male flowers with many stamens, the filaments free or united. 

 Female flowers with a 1-celled ovary which is free or connate with those 

 of contiguous flowers. Ovules 1 or many. Fruit a globose, oblong, ellip- 

 soid, or cylindric mass of>usually many, free or somewhat connate, 1- to 

 many-celled, woody, usually angular drupes, or somewhat berry-like and 

 fleshy. 



Genera 3, species over 300 in the tropics of the Old World, all genera and 

 about 80 species known in the Philippines. 



1. PAN DAN US Linnaeus Alius 



, Erect, branched, rarely simple shrubs or trees with prop-roots, the 

 stems usually prickly. Leaves numerous, crowded at the' ends of the 

 branches. Inflorescence terminal. Fruit a small or large, globose to oblong 

 or elliptic syncarp of few to many, woody, angled, truncate, rounded, or 

 pointed drupes. (From the Malay name.) 



Species more than 200, about 35 known from the Philippines. 



1. P. tectorius Sol. (P. odoratissimus. L. f.). Pandan. Pangdan (Tag., 

 Vis., 11.) ; Screw Pine. 



An erect branched shrub or small tree 3 to 5 m high, the trunk bearing 

 few to many prop-roots. Leaves' spirally crowded toward the ends of 

 the branches, glaucous, linear-lanceolate, slenderly long-acuminate, up to 

 1.5 m long, 3 to -6 cm wide, coriaceous, the margins and midrib beneath 

 toward the apex, armed with sharp spiny teeth that point toward the 

 apex of the leaf. Male inflorescence somewhat pendulous, up to 0.5 m 

 long, the bracts lanceolate, acuminate, white or nearly so, the flowers very 

 numerous, fragrant, densely disposed. Fruit solitary, pendulous, ellipsoid' 

 to globose-ellipsoid, usually about 20 cm long, each composed of from 50 

 to 75 or more, obovoid, somewhat angular, fibrous-fleshy drupes 4 to 6 cm 

 long, which are narrowed below, truncate at the apex, the stone 4- to 



