GRAMINEAE 83 



In open, dry grass lands in poor soil, San Pedro Macati, etc., fl. 

 July-Jan.; of local occurrence in the Philippines. New Guinea, New Cal- 

 edonia, and Australia. 



4. A. CONTORTUS L. (§ Heteropoaon. ) 



A tufted or somewhat scattered grass 1 m high or less, the stems com- 

 pressed below, simple or somewhat branched, the spikes solitary, terminal. 

 Leaves flat, 10 to 20 cm long, 4 to 7 mm wide. Spikes 10 cm long or less, 

 the spikelets about 8 mm long, densely imbricated, the lower few pairs 

 staminate or neuter, the upper ones perfect, all hirsute, the awn of the 

 fourth glume stout, twisted, geniculate, about 10 cm long. 



In open dry lands, Caloocan to San Pedro Macati, fl. most of the year; 

 rather widely distributed in the Philippines, and surely introduced. All 

 warm countries. 



5.. A. intermedius R. Br., var. haenkei (Presl) Hack. (§ Amphilophia, ) 



An erect, somewhat stout, loosely tufted, perennial grass, usually about 

 1 m high. Leaves linear, 20 to 40 cm long, 4 to 6 mm wide. Panicles 

 compound, somewhat purplish, 15 to 20 cm long, the branches numerous, 

 ascending or somewhat spreading, each bearing from 2 to 6, slender, pedi- 

 celled spikes, the rachis easily breaking up. Spikelets about 3 mm, long, 

 the fourth glume of the sessile ones reduced to a slender awn nearly 1.5 

 cm in length. 



In dry open grass lands, San Pedro Macati, fl. July-Nov.; widely dis- 

 tributed in the Philippines. Southern China and Ceylon, the species also 

 in India, Africa, Malaya, and Australia. 



6. A. ACICULATUS Retz. (§ Chrj/sopogon .) Amores secos (Sp.-Fil.); Mo- 



riscos (Tag.). 



Stems densely leafy, creeping and branching below, the flowering stems 

 erect, 20 to 60 cm high. Leaves short, linear-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, 

 3 to 10 cm long, 4 to 6 cm wide, those on the wire-like flowering stems few. 

 Panicles purplish, open, the branches few, whorled, siniple, 5 cm long or 

 less, bearing few-flowered spikes, branches bearded at the tips. Sessile 

 spikelet very narrow, about 3 mm long, the callus elongated, barbed, the 

 fourth glume linear, acuminate, bearing a short, scabrid awn. 



In open grass lands, waste places etc., very common, fl. May-Dec; 

 throughout the Philippines, certainly introduced! India to Polynesia. 

 Very troublesome on account of its spikelets adhering to clothing etc., by 

 their sharp, barbed stalks. 



7. A. zizAN]oiDES (L.) Urb. (A. sqjiarrosus L. f.). (§ Vetiveria.) Moras, 



or Raiz de mora (Sp.-Fil.) ; Vetiver. 



A tall, coarse, erect, tufted, perennial grass 1 to 2 m high, with fragrant, 

 fibrous roots. Leaves distichously arranged, numerous, usually about 1 

 m long, 1 cm wide or Jess, folded. Panicles terminal, erect, purple or 

 greenish, about 20 cm long, the branches slender, whorled, spreading or 

 ascending, 5 to 12' cm long. Sessile .spikelet about 4 mm long, muricate, 

 the awn of the fourth glume very short or none. 



Common in open rather wet lands, banks of rice paddies, etc., mostly 

 planted, fl. Aug.-Dec; widely distributed in the Philippines, but certainly 

 introduced. A native of India, now widely distributed in the tropics, 

 cultivated and wild. 



