ULMACBAE 171 



obtuse or slightly cordate, subequilateral or somewhat inequilateral, apex 

 acuminate, penninerved, the lateral nerves 3 to 5 on each side, ascending. 

 Male spikes shorter than the leaves, slender. Female spikes, when mature, 

 red, fleshy, cylindric, 2 to 5 cm long, about 1 cm in diameter. 



In thickets Masambong etc., fl. Jan.-Apr.; widely distributed in the 

 Philippines. Tropics of the Old World, introduced in the West Indies. 



3. P. lohepi C. DC. Litlit (Tag.). 



A dioecious glabrous Vine reaching a length of several meters. Leaves 

 thin when dry, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 9 to 10. cm long, 7-nerved from 

 the acute to broadly rounded, very slightly inequilateral base, apex sharply 

 acuminate, petioles up to 2 cm in length. Male spikes filiform, as long as 

 the leaves. Female spikes about as long as the leaves, slender, the fruits 

 scattered, not imbedded in the pulpy spike, yellow, about 4 mm long. 



In thickets, Singalon, Paco, Pasig, etc., fl. Aug.-Dec; widely distributed 

 in Luzon. Endemic. 



35. ULMACEAE (Elm of Hanagdong Family) 



Shrubs or trees with alternate, simple or toothed, usually distichous, 

 frequently inequilateral leaves, and watety sap, the stipulea small, falling 

 early. Flowers small, perfect, polygamous, or dioecious, in axillary cymes, 

 racemes, or sometimes solitary or fascicled- Calyx of 4 or 5, rarely fewer 

 or more, usually imbricate, soirltetimes induplicate-valvate sepals which 

 are more or less united at the base or free. Corolla none. Stamens as 

 many as the calsrx-segment opposite the lobes. Ovary superior, free, 1-, 

 rarely 2-celled; stigmas 2; ovule 1, pendulous, anatropous, or airphitropous. 

 Fruit- (in our genera) drupaceous or nut-like, Mostly small. 



Genera 14, species about 140, in the watmer parts of both hemispheres, 

 5 genera and about 11 species in the Philijtpines. 



1. TREMA Loureiro 



Trees or shrubs with ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, usually pubescent 

 and scabrid, distichous, finely toothed leayes-which are 3- to 5-nerved at 

 the base. Flowers unisexual or polygamous, small, i|i rather dense, short, 

 axillary cymes. Male flowers with 4 or S^ induplicate-valvate sepals. 

 Stamens erect. Rudimentary ovary none or very small. Female flowers 

 with induplicate-valvate sepals, those of the perfect flowers somewhat 

 valvate. Ovary sessile; style terminal; stigmas 2; ovule pendulous. Fruit 

 a small ovoid to globose drupe. (Greek "hole," from the small pits in the 

 endocarp of some species.) 



Species about 30 in the tropics of both hemispheres, 2 or 3 in the 

 Philippines. 



1. T. ambolnensis Blume. Hanagdong (Tag., Vis.) ; Hagod (Tag.), 



A small tree 5 to 8 m high with elongated branches, the leaves dis- 

 tichous, the upper surface scabrid, the lower one usually pale and rather 

 softly and densely pubescent. Leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 8 to 15 

 cm long, base broad, cordate, usually somewhat inequilateral, prominently 

 S-nerv'ec^ apex long and slenderly acuminate, margins finely toothed. 

 Cymes dense; pubescent, 1 to 2.5 cm long. Flowers very numerous, about 

 3 mm long, white. Drupes ovoid, about 3.5 mm long. 



Not common in our area, in thickets and open places, fl. Jan.-Apr.; 

 throughout the Philippines at low altitudes. India to southern China and 

 Malaya. 



