UETICACEAE 179 



7. CUDRANIA Trecul 



Erect or climbing, dioecious, spiny shrubs with alternate, entire leaves, 

 and small lateral stipules. Flowers in small, axillary, globose, peduncled 

 heads. Male flowers: Sepals 3 to 5, oblong, obtuse, adnate to the bracts. 

 Stamens 4, more or less adnate to the sepals. Female flowers: Sepals 

 surrounding the ovary; style simple Or 2-parted. Achenes enclosed by 

 the fleshy bracts and perianth, forming a globose, fleshy head. (From its 

 Malayan name.) 



Species 3 or 4, India to Australia, 1 or 2 in the Philippines. 

 1. C. Javanensis Tree. ' ' ■' v s„t 



A scandent or straggling glabrous shrub 2 to 4 m in length, the branches 

 armed with stout, sharp, straight or somewhat recurved spines, 1 to 1.5 

 cm long. Leaves elliptic-ovate to oblong-ov^ite or oblong-obovate, shortly 

 acuminate, base rounded, 3 to 8 cm long, shining. Heads solitary or in 

 pairs, globose, short-peduncled, the female ones 7 to 8 mm in diameter, 

 yellowish, dense, in fruif fleshy and up to 5 cm in diameter. (Fl. Filip. 

 pi. il8.) 



In thickets Pasay, La Loma, etc., occasional, fl. Feb.-Aug.; widely dis- 

 tributed in the Philippines. Tropical Asia to eastern Africa, Malaya, aiid 

 Australia. 



8. FATOUA Gaudichaud 



An erect, branched, often suffrutescent herb with alternate, toothed 

 leaves. Flowers monoecious, in axillary, peduncled heads, the male and 

 female ones intermixed, the outer bracts forming an irregular involucre. 

 Perianth of the male flowers deeply 4-lobed. Stamens 4, inflexed. Rudi- 

 mentary ovary very small. Perianth of the female Jowers similar to that 

 of the male, but the lojses narrower. Style lateral, tapei;ing into a long, 

 slender, papillose stigma with a tooth-like branch at the base; ovule pen- 

 dulous. Fruit small, surrounded by the persistent perianth, slightly com- 

 pressed, the pericarp thinly crustaceous. 



A monotypic genus. 



1. F. Japonica (Thunb.) Blume (^. pitosa Gaudich.), 



An ascending or erect, slightly branched, suffrutescent herb, the branches 

 slender, terete, 60 cm high or less, slightly pubescent. Leaves ovate to 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, base broad, truncate or somewhat 

 cordate, 3-nerved, margins crenate-dentate, 2 to 6 cm long, 1 to 4 cm wide, 

 widest at the base. Heads axillary, globose, solitary or in pairs, greenish- 

 yellow, about 6 mm in diameter. 



In rather dry places on cliffs, talus-slopes, etc., opposite San Pedro 

 Macati, fl. all the year; widely distributed in the Philippines. Japan and 

 China through Malaya to Australia and Polynesia. 



37. URTICACEAE^ (Nettle OR Lipay Family) 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees, sometimes with stinging hairs, with alternate, 

 rarely opposite, often oblique leaves. Inflorescence cymose, clustered, spi- 

 cate, or panicled, axillary or terminal. Flowers small, unisexual, monoe- 



' For a consideratipn of all the known Philippine species of this family 

 see Robinson, G. B., "Philippine Urticaceae." Philip. Joum. Soi. 5 (1910) 

 Bot. 465-543; 6 (1911) Bot. 1-31. 



