204 A FLORA OF MANILA 



2. TINOSPORA Miers 



Climbing vines with very bitter sap and warty stems. Leaves deciduous, 

 thin, entire, palmately 3- to 5-nerved. Racemes lateral, slender. Male 

 flowers: Sepals 6. Petals 6, rarely 3, cuneate-ov^te to subcordate. Stamens 

 6; filaments flattened. Female flowers: Sepals about as in the males. 

 Petals minute, spatulate-oblong. Staminodes 6. Ovarii? 3, free, erect; 

 styles short. Drupes 3, or fewer by abortion, compressed, stipitate, globose 

 or ellipsoid, the endocarp dorsally convex, ventrally flat or slightly concave. 

 (From the old Latin name ot Viburnum tinus and the Greek "seed.") 



Species 24, tropical Asia and to Malaya and Australia, 1 in the Phil- 

 ippines. 



1. T. reticulata Miers. Macabuhay (Tag.). 



A very bitter, climbing, dioecious vine reaching a height of 4 to 10 m, 

 the branches pendulous, all parts glabrous, the stems u^) to 1 cm thick, 

 somewhat fleshy, with scattered protuberances. Leaves thin, ovate, acu- 

 minate, base truncate or somewhat cordate, glabrous, shining, 6 to 12 cm 

 long, base 5-nerved; petioles 3.5 to 6 cm long. Racemes solitary or in 

 pairs from the axils of fallen leaves, pale-green, slender,, 10 to 20 cm long. 

 Male flowers pale-green, short-pedicelled. Outer three sepals 1.5 mm long, 

 the inner three 4 to 5 mm long. Drupes 7 to 8 mm long. 



In dry thickets, common, Balintauac to Fort McKinley, fl. Mar .-May; 

 widely distributed in the Philippines. Endemic. 



3. CISSAMPELOS Linnaeus 



Scandent, ^lender, suffrutescent or woody vines, the leaves ovate, some- 

 times peltate. Male flowers in axillary cymes, small. Sepals usually 4, 

 erose. Petals 4, connate. Stamens 4, connate, surrounding the apex of 

 the staminal-column. Female flowers racem^d, fasciculate in the axils of 

 leafy bracts. Sepals 2, or sepal 1 and petal 1, 2-nerved. Ovary 1; style 

 short. Fruit globose, fleshy, 1-seeded. (Greek "ivy" and "grape vine.") 



Species 21, in all tropical countries, a single variable one in the Philip- 

 pines. 



1. C. pareira L. Sinsao-sinsaoan (Tag.). 



Scandent, slender, more or less pubescent or nearly glabrous, 3 to 4 m 

 high, or of indefinite length. Leaves ovate to orbicular-ovate, often broader 

 than long, 2 to 7 cm long, acute, usually apiculate, base broad, somewhat 

 cordate or subtruncate, usually slightly peltate. Male panicles slender, 3 

 to 6 cm long, hairy, usually diffuse, the flowers very small, greenish. Female 

 racemes 2 to 6 cm long, the bracts green, reniform, 1 to 1.5 cm long, broader 

 than long. Fruit fleshy, globose, red, 5 to 7 mm in diameter, somewhat 

 pubescent. (Fl. Filip. pi. iS2.) 



In thickets, flowering at intervals throughout the year; common and 

 widely distributed in the Philippines. All tropical countries. 



53. MAGNOLIACEAE (Magnolia or Champaca Family) 



Trees or shrubs, sometimes scandent, with alternate, simple, entire 

 or toothed leaves. Stipules large, small, or wanting. Flowers yellow 

 or white, fragrant, axillary and terminal, solitary, perfect. Sepals and 

 petals similar, deciduous, thin, arranged in whorls of threes. Stamens 

 numerous, many-seriate, .hypogynous; anthers adnate, introrse. Carpels 

 many, free or partly cohering in one whorl or on an elongated axis; 



