CEASSULACEAB 217 



60. MORINGACEAE (MoRiNGA or Malungay Family) 



Deciduous trees with soft wood. Leaves alternate, 3-pinnate; leaflets 

 opposite, entire, the pinnules jointed to the rachis, usually glandular at the 

 base. Panicles axillary. Flowers perfect, slightly irregular. Calyx cup- 

 shaped, 5-cleft, the segments unequal, petaloid, deciduous frbm above the 

 base. Petals 5, unequal, the upper one smaller, erect, the lateral ones ascend- 

 ing, anterior one larger, reflexed. Stamens inserted on the edge of the disk, 

 declinate, 5 perfect opposite the petals, alternating with 5, reduced, antherless 

 filaments; anthers dorsifixed, 1-celled. Disk lining the calyx-tube. Ovary 

 stipitate, 1-celled; style slender, tubular; stigma perforated; ovules nu- 

 merous in 2 series on 3 parietal placentae. Capsule elongated, beaked, 

 3-angled, loculicidally 3-valved, corky within. Seeds miny, in pits on the 

 valves, corky-winged. 



A single genus, containing 3 species, natives of western Asia and northern 

 •Africa. 



1. MORINGA Jussieu 



Characters of the Family. (From the Singalese name.) 



* 1. M. OLEiFEasA I)am. (M. pterygosperma Gaertn.). Malungay (Tag.); 

 Horse-radish Tree. 



A small tree 8 m high or less, bark corky, roots with a pungent taste. 

 Leaves 25 to 50 cm long, usually Srpinnate; pinnae ,4 to 6 pairs; leaflets 

 3 to 9 on the ultimate pinnules, pale Beiieath, thin, ovate to elliptic, 1 to 2 

 cm long* Panicles spreading. Flowers white, 1.5 to 2 cm long. Fertile 

 filaments villous at the base. Ovary hairy. Pod 15 to 30 cm long, pen- 

 dulous, 3-angled, 9-ribbed. Seeds 3-angled, winged on the angles. (Fl. 

 Filip. pl.-125.) 



Occasional in our area, but cultivated only, fl. Jan.-May; widely distrib- 

 uted in the Philippines. A native of India, now widely distributed in the 

 tropics and probably introduced into the Philippines in prehistoric times. 

 The leaves are cooked for.fo6d._ 



61. CRASSULACEAE (Stonbcrop or Sibmprbviva Family) 



Succulent, usually perennial herbs. Leaves alternate or opposite, simple 

 or pinnately compound, extipulate. Flowers small to large, cymose, 

 sometimes spicate-racemose or paniculate, regular, perfect or unisexual. 

 Calyx 4- or 5-fid, free. Petals as many as the sepals, free or connate. 

 Stamens hypogynous or upon the petals, as many or twice as -many as the 

 petals. Carpels usually as many as the petals, with a hypogynous gland or 

 scale at the base of each, free or connate below; ovules many on the edges 

 of the carpels. Fruit a many-seeded follicle dehiscing down the inner face. 

 Seeds albuminous; embryo terete; cotyledons short. 



Genera 13, species about 400, widely distributed, but few in Australia, 

 Polynesia, and South America, 3 genera and 3 or 4 species known from 

 the Philippines. 



Calyx-lobes , short -;: 1. Bryophyllum 



Calyx-lobes free nearly to the base., 2. Kalanchoe 



