318 A FLORA OF MANILA 



In open waste places, fl. most of the year; common and widely distributed 

 in the Philippines, but certainly introduced here. Tropics generally. 



4. S. ACUTA Burm. (S. carjnnifolia L.). Ualisualisan, Escobang-haba 

 (Tag.). 



An erect, branched, slightly pubescent or nearly glabrous, suffrutescent 

 herb or undershrub less than 1 m high. Leaves lanceolate, acute or acumi- 

 nate, serrate, base rounded or obtuse, 3 to 5 cm long, pale-green, of the 

 same color on both surfaces, the stipules linear-lanceolate, longer than the 

 petioles. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs, the pedicels short, jointed 

 near the middle. Calyx green. Corolla yellow, about 1.3 cm in diameter. 

 Carpels 4 to 9, enclosed by the calyx, about 3.5 mm long, rugose, 2-awned. 

 (PI. Filip. pi. S66.) 



In open waste places, very common, fl. all the year; throughout the 

 Philippines about towns, undoubtedly introduced. Tropics generally. 



6. S. EHOMBIFOLIA L. Ualisualisan (Tag.). 



An erect, branched, shrubby plant 0.5 to 1.3 m high. Leaves oblong to 

 rhomboid, 1 to 4 cm long, acute or rounded, serrate, pale and stellate- 

 puberulent beneath, the stipules setaceous, as long as the petiole. Flowers 

 axillary, solitary, their pedicels slender, elongated, jointed above the middle, 

 in fruit about 1.5 cm long. Calyx green. Corolla yellow, 1.5 to 1.8 cm in 

 diameter. Carpels 8 to 10, nearly smooth or somewhat rugose, about 2.5 

 mm long, not awned, enclosed by the calyx. (Fl. Filip. pi. H8, S. philippiea.) 



In open waste places, common, fl. all the year; throughout the Philippines 

 in and about towns, certainly introduced. Tropics generally. 



6. S. BETTJSA L. 



An erect, stiff, branched undershrub usually less than 0.5 m high. Leaves 

 oblong-obovate to obovate, apex retuse, truncate, or rounded, usually broad, 

 base cuneate, 1 to 2 cm long, toothed, pale and densely stellate-pubescent 

 on the lower surface. Flowers axillary, solitary, usually short-pedicelled, 

 yellow, about 1.5 cm in diameter. Carpels beaked, smooth or only slightly 

 rugose. 



In open dry grass lands, fl. all the year; widely distributed in the Philip- 

 pines, but certainly introduced here. Tropics generally. 



3. ABUTILON Gaertner 



Krect, suffrutescent herbs or undershrubs more or less downy-pubescent, 

 grayish. Leaves cordate, ovate, or somewhat lobed. Flowers axillary or 

 terminal, the bracteoles none. Calyx tubular below, cleft into 6 valvate 

 sepals. Petals 5, connate below and adnate to the staminal-tube. Staminal 

 tube divided above into many filaments. Carpels 5 to many; styles as many 

 as the carpels. Ripe carpels separating from the axis, awned or not. (Said 

 to be from an Arabian name alluding to the yellow flowers.) 



Species about 70, in most tropical and subtropical countries, 2 or 3 in 

 the Philippines. 



1. A. iNDicuM (L.) G. Don. Guiling-guiliiigan (Tag.) ; Malvas, Marbas 

 (Sp.-FiL). 

 An annual or perennial, suffrutescent, erect, branched plant 0.5 to 2.5 

 m high. Leaves orbicular-ovate to broadly ovate, 5 to 12 cm long, nearly as 

 wide, base prominantly cordate, apex shortly acuminate, margins entire or 

 irregularly toothed, both surfaces softly ashy-puberulent. Flowers axillary, 

 solitary, the peduncles long, jointed near the tip. Calyx green. Corolla 



